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| treatment that focused on physical well being of hospitalized mental patients |
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-carried out campaigns that caused mental hygiene movement to grow
-improved hospitals in America and other countries
-established 32 mental hospitals |
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-public mental hospitals-in 1940 over 400,000 with 90% of people in state funded mental hospitals
-Mary Jane Ward-The Snake Pit (1946)
-1946 National Institute of Mental Health was organized
-deinstitutionalization |
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| 1825 French physician who began a cure of paresis |
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| Richard von Krafft-Ebbing |
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| 1897 Viennese psychiatrist who inoculated paretic patients with matter from syphilitic sores |
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| 1906 created blood test for syphilis |
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| Julius von Wagner Jauregg |
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| 1917 introduced malarial fever treatment |
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early creator of classification system of mental disorders
-contributed to the field of psychopathology |
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-planets affect magnetic fields in body
-mesmerism (hypnosis) |
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-Nancy school-hysteria was a sort of self hypnosis
-Jean Chorcot- disagreed with Nancy school and believed degenerative brain changes lead to hysteria |
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-psychoanalytic perspective-unconscious motives
-Viennese neurologist
-collaborated with Josef Breuer |
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| discharge of emotional tension associated with something, such as talking about past traumas |
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| portion of the mind that contains experiences of which a person is unaware |
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| patients talk freely about themselves providing information about feelings/motives |
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-record and describe dreams
-insights of emotional problems |
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-first psychology lab
-studied memory and sensation |
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| brought Wundt's experiments to US |
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-first psychology clinic
-focused on problems of mentally deficient children in terms of research and therapy |
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-first psychology clinic
-focused on problems of mentally deficient children in terms of research and therapy |
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-role of learning in human behavior
-classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-behaviorism |
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-case studies (bias/low generalizability)
-self report data (questionnaires/interviews)
-observational approaches (HR, saliva, fMRI)-direct observation |
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-explain predict or explore a behavior
-important to determine preferred type of treatment for a problem
-shapes the approaches used to study different disorders |
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| -use a large, representative group |
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| extent to which the findings are relevant to other populations, contexts, times |
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| extent to which the study is free of confounds, is methologically sound, and allows researcher to have confidence in the findings |
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-experimental studies of etiology
-observational (correlational) research-observing characteristics without manipulating conditions |
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| unknown variable causing both events to happen |
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| study that follows people over time and that tries to identify factors that predate the onset of a disorder |
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-used to draw conclusions about causality
-resolves questions of directionality
-scientists exhibit more control |
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| factor that is manipulated by researcher |
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| studying the efficacy of therapy |
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-treatment given to one group and withheld from a similar group
-confidence increases if treated group shows significant improvement
-must make sure both groups are equivalent
-Random assignment |
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-an experimental design often involving a single subject wherein a baseline period (A) is followed by treatment (B)
-to confirm the treatment resulted in a change in behavior, the treatment is then withdrawn (A) and reinstated (B) |
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