Term
| Where did the Reformation first break out? (2 countries) |
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Definition
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Term
| What 4 events contributed to the Reformation to take place? |
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Definition
1. Exile in Avignon
2. Great Schism
3. Conciliar Period
4. Renaissance Papacy |
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Term
| Brothers of the Common Life was AKA? Had a relationship between someone from the ____ and someone from the ______. |
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Definition
1. The Modern Devotion
2. Clergy & Laity |
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Term
| Who made the Modern Devotion? This person emphasized an _________ approach and a ________ approach towards religion. |
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Definition
1.Gerard Groote
2.Individualized & Vernacular |
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Term
Before the Reformation, the Church was restricted to practice:
1) Immunity of Place
2)Immunity of Person
What did each of these mean? |
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Definition
1) they were too holy to be taxed
2) didn't have to go to civil courts |
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Term
| Before the Reformation, Martin Luther was initially going to study ___. Why did he end up going to a monastery in Sainte Anne? |
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Definition
1.Law
2. Because he was in a storm, and he said if he lived through it that he would go to a monastery. |
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Term
What does Justification of Faith mean according to Martin Luther?
He thought this was more accurate than what? |
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Definition
That having a lot of faith to God was the perfect righteousness.
Righteousness of God |
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Term
Pope Clement VI established what? What did it mean?
Pope Sixtus IV did what? |
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Definition
1. treasury of merit which means the church could give out good works(rewards) however they wanted to
2.made indulgences cover for eternal sin |
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Term
| Martin Luther got some ideas from _____ _____ when this person said that the Church's indulgences should be used for the dead instead of for money purposes. |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1523, Luther was _________ by Pope Leo X for posting his __ _______. While he was in hiding, Luther did what to the New Testament? |
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Definition
1.Excommunicated
2. 95 Theses
3.Translated it into German |
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Term
| Charles V's wars with France led him to enact what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ended the social revolution for the Protestant Reformation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Switzerland had __ canons. What are canons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the 2 preconditions of the Swiss Reformation? |
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Definition
1.National Sentiment
2.Desire for a long time for Church reform |
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Term
| Who was the leader of the Swiss Reformation? What was one of his first acts? |
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Definition
1.Ulrich Zwingli
2.Making marriage between clergy possible |
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Term
| What did Zwingli say about God that Luther said differently? |
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Definition
Zwingli: God was abstract/spiritual
Luther: God was bodily/not just spiritual |
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Term
| Who tried to bring together Luther and Zwingli? Did this work? |
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Definition
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Term
| Catholics/Protestants fought 2 battles where? Who one the first battle? What happened in the 2nd battle? |
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Definition
1. Kapel
2. Protestants
3. Zwingli was injured and executed
(Heinrich Bullinger becomes new leader of Swiss Reformation) |
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Term
| Who founded the Swiss Brethren? What did they practice that was a capital offense to the Roman Catholic Church? |
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Definition
1.Conrad Grebel
2.Rebaptism |
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Term
| What did Anabaptists believe? |
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Definition
| That only adults that are commited to the church deserve Baptism |
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Term
| What happened when the German city of Munster was only Anabaptist? |
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Definition
| Protestants merged with Catholics and freaking owned up that city |
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Term
| What were Spiritualists? What were Antitinarians? |
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Definition
1.People that acted like their only authority was from God and no one else.
2. People that had religious tolerance and were opponents of the calivinists |
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Term
Who replaced Lutheranism?
Who was their leader?
What was their belief? |
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Definition
1.Calvinism
2.John Calvin
3.Reordering society in their own way by transforming men and women living the life that THEY (Cavinists) wanted them to. |
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Term
| What were the 4 classes that Calvin established in Geneva? |
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Definition
1. 5 pastors
2. teachers/doctors
3. 12 elders
4. deacons |
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Term
Who was executed for lying about Trinity?
Why was Geneva good for women? |
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Definition
1.Michael Servetus
2.Husband's couldn't beat them up |
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Term
| What did the Diet of Augsburg do? What happened as a result? |
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Definition
1.Forced Lutherans to convert back to Catholics
2.Lutherans made the Augsberg Confession and won their respect back |
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Term
| After taking Philip of Hesse and Frederick of Saxony, Charles V establishes? What does this do? |
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Definition
1.Interim
2.Makes Protestants Catholics, but they get the right to marry clergy members and bread/wine for God |
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Term
| Maurice of Saxony causes Charles V to pass??? |
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Definition
| Peace of Passau (gives Lutherans freedom) |
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Term
| In 1555, what "peace" was passed? What did it say? |
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Definition
1.Peace of Augsburg
2.Ruler of the land decides the religion of the land |
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Term
| Who translated the Bible into English? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sir Thomas More guided royal opposition to start? |
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Definition
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Term
| Parliament passed the ________ of the Clergy which did what? |
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Definition
| Made Clergy under royal jurisdiction |
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Term
What did the Act of Succession do?
What did the Act of Supremacy do? |
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Definition
1. Made all of Anne Boleyn's heirs able to have throne
2.Declared Henry supreme head of Church in England |
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Term
What did the 10 articles do?
What did the 6 articles do?
Did they last forever? |
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Definition
1.Made Catholic doctrine rule/forbade Clergical marriages
2.Made a whole bunch of laws to keep Protestants in order
3.No, they were later abolished by future kings (Edward VI) |
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Term
| "Men are to be changed by, not to change religion." This was stated in the ______ ______ ______ which failed to bring reform about the church. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the first group of reformers for the Catholic Church? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who made women able to get religious education of all classes? (group of people) |
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Definition
| Ursulines *prolly not on the reading quiz |
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Term
| This person organized Society of Jesus which made many Protestants switch back to Catholic. |
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Definition
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Term
| The _____ of ______ cleaned up some of the church's ways making the Church gain more respect. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main difference in religion between the 15th and 16th centuries? |
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Definition
15) more catholic like with Latin main language
16)Less Catholic with less holidays, Luther's New Testament in homes |
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Term
| The University of Wittenburg's curriculum was changed by Melanchthon and Luther to allow? |
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Definition
| Boys and Girls read the Bible |
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Term
| In the University of Geneva, which two types of learning took place? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F. Calvin & Luther both appreciated women as companions in life besides just domesticating children. |
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Definition
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Term
| Protestants encouraged women to be educated in the ________ to read the Bible. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did it take longer for marriages to take place at an older age? |
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Definition
| Because there were bigger families since population boomed causing each kid to take a little longer to get ready to be married. |
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Term
| What's a conjugal (nuclear) family? What was the sad thing about the infants usually? |
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Definition
1. Mother, Father, 2-4 kids
2. High chance of infant death |
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Term
| Did the Church agree or disagree with birth control? Why or why not? |
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Definition
| No because they thought it was unnatural |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurses that would suckle (breastfeed) other women's babies for money |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Cervantes had a thing for ______ romances and he likes old fashioned _____ ____ and down to ____ ____ |
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Definition
1.chivalric
2. religious idealism
3.earth realism
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Term
| Shakespeare was interested in _______ and was a part of a famous company of actors named? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was French Drama different from English Drama? |
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Definition
| French Drama was only of the classics while English had tragedies, comedies, etc |
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Term
Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlowe influenced who?
This person's most famous tragedy is? |
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Definition
Shakespeare
Romeo & Juliet |
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