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cells
cell structure and functions
21
Biology
9th Grade
01/13/2009

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Term
Carrier protein
Definition
A protein that transports substances across the cell membrane.
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
A phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier betweem the inside of a cell and the cell's environment.
Term

CELL PLATE

Definition
the precursor of a new plant cell wall that forms during cell division and divides the cell into two
Term
CELL WALL
Definition
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides suppourt to the cell.
Term
CENTRIOLE
Definition
An organelle that is composed of two microtubules at vright angles to each other and that an active role in mitosis.
Term
CHROMOSOME
Definition
In a Eukaryotic cell a structure in the nucleus that is made up of DNA and protein. In prokaryotic cells it is the main ring of DNA
Term
CYTOSOL
Definition
The soluble portion of the cytoplasm.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
The region of a cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton and all of the organelles except the nucleus.
Term
ENDOCYTOSIS
Definition
The process by which thecell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses in that particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into a cell.
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
The process by which a substance is released from a cell through a vesicle that transports that substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to release the vesicle's contents.
Term
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Definition
a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing and transporting of proteins and production of lipids.
Term
Flagellum
Definition

A long hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move.

Term
GOLGI APPARATUS
Definition
the structure that surrounds a cell and helps make and package materials.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and that breaks off from the Golgi Apparatus.
Term
MITOCHONDIRA
Definition
In Eukaryotic cells, thecell organelle that is the site of cellular respiration and production ATP
Term
Nuclear Membrane
Definition
The double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of eukaryotes.
Term
NUCLEOLUS
Definition
The organelle where proteins are synthesized.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
An organelle in eukaryotes that contains the cell's genetic information and plays a role in growth, metabolism, and reproduction. It's also the cluster of protons and neutrons in the center of the atom.
Term
PHOSPHOLIPID BI-LAYER
Definition
A double layer of phospholipid that make up plants and animals
Term
Vacuole
Definition
A fluid folled sac used by the cell for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, or waste.
Term
VESICLE
Definition
A small membrane enclosed sac that stores or transports substances within a cell.
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