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Cell Terms
Cells
21
Biology
10th Grade
10/20/2008

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Term
Coccus
Definition
Spherical prokaryote
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
Single-celled microorganism that lacks a nucleus
Term
Bacillus
Definition
Rod-shaped prokaryote
Term
Photoautotroph
Definition
Prokaryote that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds for nutrition
Term
Spirillum
Definition
Spiral or corkscrew shaped prokaryote
Term
Flagellum
Definition
Whiplike structure on some cells that is used for movement
Term
Conjugation
Definition
Form of sexual reproduction where paramecia & some prokaryotes exchange genetic information
Term
Chemoautotroph
Definition
Prokaryote that gets energy from inorganic molecules using chemical reaction
Term
Binary Fission
Definition
Type of asexual reproduction where a prokaryote replicates its DNA, divides in half making two identical daughter cells
Term
Pathogen
Definition
Disease causing agent such as bacteria or fungus
Term
Endospore
Definition
Type of spore formed when internal bacterium produces a thick internal wall to enclose DNA & some cytoplasm
Term
Nitrogen Fixation
Definition
Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
Term
Virus
Definition
Particle made of nucleic acid, protein & maybe lipids that only replicate by infecting living cells
Term
Antibiotic
Definition
Compound that blocks growth & reproduction of bacteria
Term
Sterilization
Definition
Process of destroying bacteria using great heat or chemical action
Term
Lytic Infection
Definition
Process where a virus enters a cell and makes a copy that causes the cell to burst
Term
Capsid
Definition
Outer protein coat of a virus
Term
Bacteriophage
Definition
Virus that infects bacteria
Term
Prion
Definition
Infectious particles made of protein instead of RNA or DNA
Term
Lysogenic Infection
Definition
Process by which a virus embeds DNA into the host's DNA and gets replicated
Term
Retro Virus
Definition
Virus that has RNA as its genetic information
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