Term
|
Definition
| basic units of all forms of life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of the fundamental concepts of Biology. it states that:
1. all living things are composed of cells.
2. cells are the basic units of structure and function in
living things.
3. new cells are produced from existing cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thin, flexible barrier around the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a large structure that contains the cell's genetic material and controls cell's activities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| s strong layer around the cell membrane some cells have. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the material inside of the cell membrane - other than the nucleus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have cell membranes and cytoplasm but no nuclei. all bacteria are prokaryotes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dozens of specialized structures that preform important cellular functions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the first people to use a microscope to study nature. using only powerful lenses he created instruments thst could produce magnified images of very small objects. He was the first person to see tiny organisms in a drop of water/ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used one of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissue. In doing so he saw thousands of little chambers that he called "cells". A term that is used today. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concluded that all plants are made up of cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concluded that animals are also made up of cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| further studied cell reproduction, said that where a cell exsists, there must have been a cell before it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| demonstrates that the cell membrane is a physical structure, not an interface between two liquids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proposes that the theory that certain organelles, tiny structures within some cells, were once free-living cells themselves. |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the cell wall? |
|
Definition
| the main function of the cell wall is to provide support and protection for the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellulose is a tough carbohydrate fiber, that is found in plant cells. it is the main component of both wood and paper. |
|
|
Term
| what does the nucleus do? |
|
Definition
| the nucleus controls most cell processes and contains the hereditary information of DNA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the granular material found in the nucleus, it consists of DNA bound to protein. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distinct, threadlike structures containing the genetic information that is passed down from one generation to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a small, dense region found in the nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the nuclear envelope is dotted with thousands of nuclear pores, which allow material to move into and out of the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape. the cytoskeleton is also involved in many forms of cell movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hollow tubes of proteins about 25 nanometers in diameter. they maintain cell shape and can also serve as tracks along which organelles are moved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell. microfilaments are about 7 nanometers in diameter - much narrower than microtubules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small particles made up od RNA and protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the endoplasmic reticulum is the organelle in which components of the cell membrane, and some proteins are assembled. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum move into a sack called ..... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small organelles filled with enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| saclike structures that store materials such as waterm salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in plant cells and some other organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use energy from the sun-light to make energy-rich food molecules in a process known as photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelles that release energy from stored food molecules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| convert food into high-energy compounds that the cell can use to power growth, development, and movement |
|
|
Term
| What did Lynn Margulis do? |
|
Definition
| she suggested mitochrondria and chloroplasts are actually the decendents of ancient prokaryotes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a double - layered sheet in the core of nearly all cell membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| some substances can pass through and others can not. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows water to pass easily through the most biological membranes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a membrane of protien is said to facilitate, or help, the diffusion of glucose across the membrane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| requires the input of energy, hence the active. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of taking matter into cells by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the membrane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the membrane surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the cell is put in water it stays the same. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cell swells to the point it's about to burst. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
