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Interphase (90%): G1, S, G2; growth, synthesis. prepartion Mitosis (10%): division of nucleus and cytokinesis |
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| chromosomal arrangement of a cell |
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| matching chromosomes (each inherited from one parents) |
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| the point where two chromatids are attached |
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| identical copies of a chromosome |
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| microtubules connected to centrosome via kinectochore |
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| structure around centrosome |
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2 complete sets of chromosomes (2N) |
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| one complete set of chromosomes (N) |
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single cell all humans start out as zygote formed by uniting sperm and egg |
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in humans; cells specialize for specific bodily functions thus the original cell must divide to account for all the "jobs" ALSO: they are too small! |
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the growth phase most cells are found in this phase |
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| final preparations for division are made |
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division of the cell during mitosis; an exact copy of the genetic material in the "mother" cell must be distributed to each "daughter" cell |
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DNA that is spread all over the nucleus is coiled and condensed (sister chromatids) nuclear membrane disapears miotic spindle forms centrosomes |
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Condensed chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell: the metaphase plate centrosomes=at poles |
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| One copy of each chromosome moves to each pole of the cell |
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END STAGE: nuclear membranes are formed around the chromsomes and cytokinesis beings; forming two daughter cells |
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| series of proteins that fluctuate concentration during the cell cycle and help regulate by binding to a kinase |
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