Common cause in developed coutries

outbreaks: food/water

Sporadic: person to person transmission

self-limited, short course

Mucosal abnlities are absent or show mild villous shortening, loss of brush border, and incr lymphs in epithelium and lamina propia

Most common cause of severe childhood diarrhea

-assoc w/ intusseception

-Daycare settin

-incr intraepithelial and lamina propia lympha & crypt hypetrophy in viral enteritis

Watery diarreha via incr cAMP

-non invasive, mucosal bx not remarkable

assoc w/ HLA B27 and Guillian Barre s/o

-self limited

-Humans only reservoir

- dysentary, rarely assoc w/ Reiter s/o

-Abx tx shortens clinical course

Endemic countries/travelers

-Infxn of Peyer's patches in terminal ileum

-Focal foci of necrosis w/ macrophage aggreagates (typhoid nodules)

-Abx tx not recommended b/c may prolong carrier state

-Yersenia

-Adenoma/Adenocarcinoma of appendix

-Crohn's Dz

invade M cells (Peyer's patches)

-Incr Fe --> enhanced virulence (more w/ severe hemochromatosis and hemolytic anemia)

Typhoid fever (S typhi/parathyphi)

Yersenia

assoc w/ camping, pear shaped w/ 2 nuclei,

Villous blunting

CD4<50, mulitple ulcers of colon,

-Large intranuclear viral inclusions seen in epithelial/endothelial cells on bx

after bone marrow transplant, watery diarrhea

-Sparse lymph infiltrate in lamina propia, apoptosis of epithelial cells, esp crypt cells

-micro: necrotic material at base contains massive #s of bacteria or fungi

Litle or no immune response

endo: deep ulcers anywhere in GI tract (esp oropharyngela mucosa), undermined edges, base covered by grey or grene black necrotic material

-Dermatitis herpetiformis, incr risk of T cell lymphoma and small bowel malignancy

-Gluten containing foods, duod/prox jejunum

-B12 or folate def common d/t distal small intesstine invovlement, villous blunting

-only in person living in tropics or travelers

-Shaggy appearing mucosa, PAS (+)

-G(+) bacteria (Tropheryma whippelii)

-Extraintestinal manifestations: arthritis/artharlgia, fever, lymphadenopathy, neurologic, cardia, pulm dz

-Burr cells

-Deficiency in fat soluble proteins (KADE)

-micro: lipid vacuolization of small intestinal epitheial cells

-Stain w/ oil-red fat O (fat stain)

-any part of GI tract, cobblestones, serpentine ulcers

-Transmural inflammation

-ASCA

-limited to colon, continous fashin

-Smoking helps it get better

-assoc w/ Primary sclerosing cholangitis

-pANCA

-CV RFs

-Watershed zones: splenic flexure of colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

-dilated groups of tortous veins, venules of capillarires, which may be immediatley beneath epithelium in some places

-NO mucosal abnliteis other than BVs

-MC located in cecum/rt colon

-Dx req neutrophilic infiltration of muscularis propia

-50-80% assoc w/ obstruction ( usually fecalith, less commonly gallstone, tumor, worms)