anima

•  
  • Female component of the male psyche

animus

•  
  • Male component of the female psyche

archetype

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  • Inherited predisposition to respond emotionally to certain aspects of the world
  • All the archetypes taken together make up the collective unconscious

attitudes

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  • General orientations of the psyche when relating to the world
  • The two basic attitudes are introversion and extroversion

causality

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  • Belief that a person’s personality can be explained in terms of past experiences

childhood

•  
  • Stage of development that lasts from birth to adolescence during which time libidinal energy is invested in learning the basic skills necessary for survival and sexual activities

collective unconscious

•  
  • Collection of inherited predispositions that humans have to respond to certain events
  • These predispositions some from the universal experiences humans have had throughout their evolutionary past

complex

•  
  • Set of interrelated ideas that are highly valued and that exist in the personal unconscious

creative illness

•  
  • According to Ellenberger, a period of intense preoccupation with a search for a particular truth
  • This search is usually accompanied by depression, psychosomatic ailments, neuroses, and perhaps psychotic episodes

ego

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  • For Jung, the ego is everything of which we are conscious and entails performing the functions related to everyday life

extroversion

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  • Tendency to be externally oriented, confident, outgoing, and gregarious

feeling

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  • Function of thought that determines whether an object or event is valued positively or negatively

functions of thought

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  • Determines how a person perceives the world and deals with information and experience
  • The four functions of though are sensing, thinking, feeling, and intuiting.

individuation

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  • Process whereby a person comes to recognize the various components of his or her psyche and gives them expression within the context of his or her life
  • A process that is prerequisite to approximating self-realization

inflation of the persona

•  
  • Condition that exists when one’s persona is too highly valued

introversion

•  
  • Tendency to be internally oriented, quiet, subjective, and nonsocial

intuiting

•  
  • Function of thought that makes hunches about objects or events when factual information is not available

irrational functions

•  
  • Jung referred to sensing and intuiting as irrational functions because they do not involve logical thought processes

libido

•  
  • According to Jung, the general life energy that can be directed to any problem that arises, be it biological or spiritual

mandala

•  
  • Sanskrit word for circle
  • For Jung, the mandala is a symbol of wholeness, completeness, and perfection
  • It symbolizes the self

middle age

•  
  • Stage of development that lasts from about forty to the later years of life during which time libidinal energy is invested in philosophical and spiritual pursuits.
  • According to Jung, this stage of development is the most important

persona

•  
  • Superficial aspect of the psyche that a person displays publicity
  • It includes the various roles one must play to function in a society

personal unconscious

•  
  • Consists of material from one’s lifetime that was once conscious and then repressed or material that was not vivid enough to make an initial conscious impression

principle of entropy

•  
  • Second law of thermodynamics that states a constant tendency exists toward equalizing energy within a system 

principle of equivalence

•  
  • First law of thermodynamics that states the amount of energy in a system is fixed and, therefore, if some of it is removed from one part of the system, it must show up in another part.

principle of opposites

•  
  • Contention that each component of the psyche has an opposite

rational functions

•  
  • Jung referred to thinking and feeling as rational functions because they involve making judgments and evaluations about experiences

psyche

•  
  • Term that Jung equated with personality

self

•  
  • State of the psyche if the individuation process has been completely successful
  • When the various components of the psyche are harmonized, the self becomes the center of all of the various opposing psychic forces
  • The emergence of the self, coming into selfhood, and self-realization were used synonymously by Jung

self-realization

•  
  • State of balance and harmony that is reached when the various components of the psyche are recognized and given expression

sensing

•  
  • Function of thought that detects the presence of objects

shadow

•  
  • Deepest part of the collective unconscious that contains all the animalistic urges that characterized our prehuman existence

synchronicity

•  
  • Meaningful coincidence
  • When two independent events come together in a meaningful way

teleology

•  
  • Belief that a person’s anticipations of the future must be considered if that person’s personality is to be completely understood

thinking

•  
  • Function of thought that names an object

value

•  
  • Varies of the amount of libidinal energy invested varies
  • Those components of the personality that have an abundance of libidinal energy invested in them are valued more than components with less energy invested in them.

word-association test

•  
  • Research technique that Jung used to explore the complexes within the personal unconscious
  • It consisted of reading 100 words one at a time and having a person respond as quickly as possible with a word of his or her own

young adulthood

•  
  • Stage of development that lasts from adolescence to about forty
  • During this time, libidinal energy is invested in learning a vocation, getting married, raising children, and participating in community life