Term
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Definition
| part of heart pointing to right shoulder, where great vessels of the body emerge. |
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Term
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Definition
| double sac of serous membrane surrounding heart |
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Term
| visceral pericardium (epicardium) |
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Definition
| tightly hugs external surface of heart. (continuous at heart base with parietal pericardium) |
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Term
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Definition
| dense connective tissue anchors heart to surrounding structures (diaphragm and sternum). |
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Term
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Definition
| allows heart to beat easily and in a frictionless environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the pericardium, resulting in decrease in serous fluid, and sticking of the pericardial layers. |
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Term
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Definition
| thick bundles of cardiac muscle whorled into ringlike arrangements, reinforced internally by dense fibrous connective tissue network or "skeleton of the heart". |
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Term
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Definition
| thin sheet of endothelium that lines heart chambers |
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Term
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Definition
| forces the heart to pump and repump the same blood because blood backflows. |
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Term
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Definition
| valve flaps become stiff, heart has to contract more vigorously than normal. |
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Term
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Definition
| provide blood supply to myocardium. branch from base of aorta and encircle heart in atrioventricular groove. |
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Term
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Definition
| drain blood from myocardium, empty into coronary sinus |
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Term
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Definition
| enlarged vessel on backside of the heart. empties into right atrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| crushing chest pain resulting from myocardium's deprivation of oxygen/blood supply. |
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Term
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Definition
| heart attack. may result from ignoring angina pectoris. |
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Term
| how much blood does the heart pump per day? |
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Definition
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Term
| atrial vs ventricular cell rhythms |
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Definition
| atrial cells beat 60times per min, ventricular cells beat 20-40times per min. |
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Term
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Definition
| allow ions to move freely through cardiac tissue, unifying heart beat. |
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Term
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Definition
| keep cardiac tissue from tearing when stretched. |
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Term
| intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) |
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Definition
| cross between nervous and muscle tissue, sending ions in one direction from atria to ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| located in right atrium, tiny cell mass that starts heart beat, sets pace for whole heart. "pacemaker" |
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Term
| atrioventricular (AV) node |
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Definition
| impulse from SA node is delayed until atria is finished contracting |
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Term
| atrioventricular (AV) bundle |
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Definition
| receives impulse from AV node |
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Term
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Definition
| located in interventricular septum, receives impulse from AV bundle |
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Term
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Definition
| spread through muscle of ventricle wall, receives impulse from bundle branches, starts contraction from apex. |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to AV node that may release ventricles from control of SA node, causing heart to beat much slower most/all the time |
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Term
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Definition
| lack of adequate blood supply to heart muscle, leading to fibrillation |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, uncoordinated shuddering of the heart muscle (makes heart useless as a pump) |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid heart beat (over 100 beats per min) |
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Term
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Definition
| heart rate slower than normal (less than 60 beats per min) |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxation of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| events of one complete heartbeat |
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Term
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Definition
the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute
(HR x SV) |
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Term
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Definition
| volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat |
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Term
| how much a healthy ventricle pumps |
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Definition
| 60% off the blood present, (70ml) |
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Term
| starling's law of the heart |
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Definition
| the more the cardiac muscles are stretched, the stronger the contraction will be |
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Term
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Definition
| the factor stretching the heart muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| division of the nervous system that stimulates the heart to beat more rapidly |
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Term
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Definition
| the drug digitalis is routinely prescribed, slowing and steadying the heart resulting in a stronger heartbeat |
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Term
| epinephrine and thyroxine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| if the left side of the heart fails |
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Term
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Definition
| if the right side of the heart fails. (feet, ankles, and fingers become swollen and puffy) |
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Term
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Definition
| the closed transport system of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| vessels between arteries and capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| connect capillary beds to veins |
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Term
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Definition
| lines the lumen/interior of the vessels (forms sticky surface decreasing friction as blood flows) |
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Term
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Definition
| bulky middle coat, elastic, aids in changing dilation of the vessels, increasing/decreasing blood pressure respectively. |
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Term
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Definition
| outer coat, protects and supports vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| the flow of blood from arteriole to a venule |
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Term
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Definition
| directly connects arteriole and venule at different ends of the bed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surrounds the root of each true capillary, acts as a valve |
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Term
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Definition
| overworked valves give way and the veins become twisted and dialated |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a vein that results when a clot forms in a vessel with poor circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| where the anterior and posterior blood supplies of the brain are united |
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Term
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Definition
| passage in fetal heart that bypasses the immature liver |
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Term
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Definition
| shunt in fetal heart that moves blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium. (flaplike opening in internal septum) |
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Term
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Definition
| short vessel connecting aorta and pulmonary trunk. |
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Term
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Definition
| ductus arteriosus collapses and becomes this |
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Term
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Definition
| arterial pulse and blood pressure measurements, along with measurements of respiratory rate and body temp. |
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Term
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Definition
| points on the body used to feel pulse. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of friction encountered by the blood as it flows through the blood vessels |
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Term
| factors that alter blood pressure |
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Definition
| neural factors, renal factors, temperature, chemicals, diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| controls blood volume. increased volume=blood pressure rises and vice versa. renin=vasoconstriction chemical |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
epinephrine=increase HR and BP
nicotine=vasoconstriction
alcohol=vasodilation |
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Term
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Definition
| low salt, sat fats and cholesterol=prevent high BP |
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Term
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Definition
| low blood pressure, systolic below 100mmHg. associate with long life and old age free of illness. |
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Term
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Definition
| experiencing temporary low BP and dizziness when rising from a sitting position. |
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Term
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Definition
| vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally |
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Term
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Definition
| filling of blood vessels with fatty, calcified deposits. |
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