Term
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Definition
| A reduction in the number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter in the hemoglobin or packed red blood cells. There are many types of aneami; it can necessitate transfusions and be life-threatening. |
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Term
| anemia of chronic disease |
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Definition
| Mild to moderate anemia secondary to any chronic disease lasting more than two months. For example, infections, inflammatory conditions, or malignancies. |
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Definition
| any of a diverse group of anemias characterized by bone marrow failure with reduction of hematopoietic cells and their replacement of fat, resulting in pancytopenia. |
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Definition
| Group of acute and chronic anemias characterized by excessive hemolysis (shortened survival of mature erythrocytes) and inability of bone marrow to compensate with new erythrocytes. |
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Definition
| Characterized by a disproportionate reduction of red cell hemoglobin and increased areas of central pallor in the red cells. |
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Definition
| any of various anemias of diverse, etiologies that are characterized by macrocytes (larger than normal red cells) lacking the usual central area of pallor. |
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Definition
| Characteized by megaloblasts in the bone marrow, such as pernicious anemia. |
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Definition
| Characterized by microcytes (erythrocytes smaller than normal), such as iron deficiency anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anemia in which the hemoglobin content of the red cells as measured by the MCHC (mean dell hemoglobin concentration) is in the normal range. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of megaloblastic anemia usually seen in older adults, caused by impaired intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, due to lack of availability of intrinsic factor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hereditary hemolytic anemia seen primarily in West Africa and in people of West African descent. it is an autosomal recessive disorder of hemoglobin in which mutation of the gene encoding the B-globin chain results in hemoglobin S, which has decreased solubility in the deoxygenated state and results in abnormal sickle-shaped erythrocytes (sickle cell). |
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Term
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Definition
| Heterogeneous group of acquired and hereditary anemias with diverse clinical manifestations. Commonly characterized by a large number of ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow, ineffective erythropoiesis, variable proportions of hypochromic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood, and usually increased levels of tissue iron. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sac formed by the dilatation of the wall of an artery, vein, or the heart. It is filled with fluid or clottd blood and often results in a pulsating tumor. Thre are several type of aneurysms, but the most common is an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. |
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Term
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Definition
| any variation from the normal rhythm of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Generic term for a number of diseases in which the arterial wall becomes thickened and loses elasticity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease in which a yellowish plaque comprised of cholesterol and other lipid material is formed within the arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any disturbance of the heart rhythm in which the heart rate slows-in adults generally below 60 beats per minute. |
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Term
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Definition
| Slowness of the heartbeat. Essntially this means exctly the same thing as bradyarrhythmia, and both could be encountered in medical documentation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A generalized term for primary noninflammatory disease of the heart muscle (myocardium), often of unknown etiology because ischemic, hypertensive, congenital, valvular, and pericardial disease have all been ruled out. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CHF) A clinical syndrome that reflects a fundamental abnormality in the effective performance of the heart. It results in a cardiac output that is not sufficient for the body's needs. Common factors contributing to congestive heart failure are obesity, anemia, hear disease, and thyroid disorders. CHF affectsboth cardiac and pulmonary functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Right ventricular enlargement secondary to malformation of the lungs producing pulmonary artery hypertension. (This is pronounced "core pulmonal-ee.") |
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Term
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Definition
| Any disease of the coronary arteries, but most often due to atherosclerosi in the large and medium-sized arteries of the heart. The major complication of coronary artery disease is myocardial infarction (heart attack) that is responsible for 35% of the deaths in men ages 35 - 50. |
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Term
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Definition
| (DVT) Thombosis is the formation or presence of a thrombus, which is an aggregation of blood factors (such as platelets and fibrin) causing vasculr obstruction. Deep venous thrombosis is one of the most common venous disordes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ositioning of the heart on the right side of the thorax rather than on the left. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sudden blocking of an artery by a clot or foreign material that has been brought to the site of embolism by the blood flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| A twitching of the cardiac muscle that is not in a sustained rhythm,is faster than normal, and is not effective. Atrial fibrllation is a chronic condition that can be present for years. However, ventribular fibrillation s quickly fatal. |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormal passage or communication between two internal organs. Arteriovenous fistual (AVF) is a communication between an artery and a vein during connection that provides a site for the tube used in hemodialysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the endocardium, usually specifically involving one or more heart vlaves. SBE or subacute bacterial endocarditis is 9an infective endocarditis that may be triggered or intensified by bacteria during dental procedures. patients with a history of heart disease or rheumatic fever may be given antibiotics prior to dental treatment for SBE prophylaxis. |
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Term
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Definition
| pathologic condition of the blood usually referring to disordersw of the cellular elements of the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| A congenital disease, passed through the mother, in which the blood does not clot properly, and there is both abnormal internal blood flow an bleeding trom the mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Profuse leeding; blood escaping dangerously from the vessels. It can occur both internally where it is not immediately detected and externally, where it can be seen escaping the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The lack of blood in a body part. This can be due either to the blood vessels constricting or to an obstruction occurring within a vessel. |
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Term
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Definition
| A progressive cancerous disease of the blood-forming tissues, distorting the development of leukocytes in the blood and bonemarrow. There are several types and they are more common in children, although present in adults. |
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Term
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Definition
| A temporary increase in leukocytes int he blood resulting from fever, hemorrhag, infection, or inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic edema of the extremities that can be present on either one or both sides of the body, which is secondary to the obstruction of the lymph vessels or other disorders of the lymph nodes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle because of narrowing of th mitral opening. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bulging of one or both of the mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during systole so tha a sharp systolic sound or click and late regurgitation murmur are heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of a large number of monocytes in th blood. The most common type infects adolescents and results in two to three weeks of fever and fatigue. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sound heard on auscultation of the heart or blood vessels that can be either benign or pathologic. These can be classified into three main types: systolic, diastolic, and continuous. Murmurs are graded according to intensity-grade 1 being barely audible through grade 6, which is heard lodly witout the stethoscope touching the chest. |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to turbulent flw through narrowed or otherwise irregular valves or outflow tracts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to regurgitation or shunts into chambers which have a lower resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to stenosis of the mitral or tricuspid valves or regurgitation of the aortic or pulmonary valves. Mitral stenosis produces a diastolic murmur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to a constant shunt flow throughout both systole and diastole and can be due to several factors including congenital defects, fistulas, or stenoses. |
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Term
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Definition
| (MI) Ischemic myocardial, heart attack. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of the communication between the pulmonary artery and the aorta to close in a fetus. This is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly, and it is usually secondary to maternal rubella infection |
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Term
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Definition
| An opening in the septum that normally separates the atria (by itself called an atrial septal defect), which is caused by failure of the fetal opening to ever close. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the pericardium that can be due to a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection, can be a complication of MI or surgery, or related to another pathology. There are several different types. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Plural petechiae). A pinpoint, perfectly round, purplish-red spot caused by intradermal or submucous hemorrhage. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vascular disease characterized by intermittent bilateral attacks to the fingers and toes, as well as occasionally the ears and nose, marked by extreme pallor or cyanosis of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| All layers of the heart are affected by inflammation following rheumatic fever. |
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Term
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Definition
| A state in which blood flow to and perfusion of peripheral tissues is inadequate to sustain life because of insufficient cardiac output or maldistribution of the blood flow. This can be hypovolemic (insufficient vascular volume), cardiogenic (inadequate cardiac function), or vasodilatory (inadequate vasomotor tone). When it persists, it impairs organ function and causes irreversible cell damage and ultimately death. |
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Term
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Definition
| Immediate hypersensitivity to a substance such as a bee sting or drug. This is the most common type of shock. |
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Term
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Definition
| Associated with an overwhelming infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any disturbance of the heart rhythm in which the heart rate is abnormally high, usually greater than 100 beats per minute in an adult. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive rapid action of the heart. (Essentially the same thing as tachyarrhythmia, but this is the more commonly used term.) |
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Term
| Excessive rapid action of the heart. (Essentially the same thing as tachyarrhythmia, but this is the more commonly used term.) |
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Definition
| (pronounced “Fuh-LOW”) An anatomic abnormality manifested by severe or total right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a defect that allows unoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to bypass the pulmonary artery and flow directly into the aorta. This occurs in infants and requires repair. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of a vein associated with thrombus formation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A term applied to a variety of abnormalities of sinus node function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unnaturally and permanently distended veins. |
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