Term
| Cardiac glycoside mechanism |
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Definition
| inhibit Na-K-ATPase pumps |
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Term
| Cardiac glycoside sources |
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Definition
| Oleander, Foxglove, Lily of the Valley, Kalanchoe, Broad-leaved milkweed, Bufo Marianis toads, Digoxin |
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Term
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Definition
cardiac glycoside
different individual metabolism
used for congestive heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
same signs no matter the source
milk GI upset
hyperkalemia, hyponatremia
arrythmias
extracardiac and cardiac signs |
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Term
| Cardiac glycoside treatment |
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Definition
emesis
activated charcoal (binds up to 96%)
IV fluids without calcium
monitor potassium
antiarrythmic agents as needed
Digibind
rinse mouth out or emesis if toad |
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Term
|
Definition
bind to sodium channels of nerve, heart, skeletal muscle
increase membrane permeability of Na
prolonged depolarization |
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Term
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Definition
| Rohododendron, Azalea, Laurels, Japanese pieris |
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Term
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Definition
bloat, abdominal pain, GI signs
depression
negative chronotropic action and sinus arrest
projectile vomiting in goats |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
berry is not toxic but all other parts of plant is
inhibit normal exchange of Na and Ca in myocytes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
in horses causes cardiac necrosis
in cattle causes muscle tremors |
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Term
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Definition
from cottonseed
causes congestive heart failure in swine |
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Term
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Definition
monensin
causes caridac lesions in horses
affects ruminants with skeletal muscle
cats - peripheral neuropathy
dogs- paresis reversible |
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Term
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Definition
herbicide that is not appropriately diluted
pulmonary toxicant
concentrates in lung
peaks 4-5 days after exposure
often used for malicious poisoning |
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Term
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Definition
dermal irritation
GI signs
pulmonary fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
forms free radicals in lungs
superoxide free radical
lung heals by fibrosis
not able to expand lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
aggressive decontamination
ACE inhibiter within 1 hour
DO NOT GIVE OXYGEN
supportive care |
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Term
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Definition
cousin to paraquat
not taken up by lung
vomiting and diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
Persin - poison
problem in ruminants, horses, rabbits, birds
noninfectious mastitis in small ruminants
myocardial necrosis
colic in horses |
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Term
| Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema and Edema |
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Definition
lush pasture, corn
purple mint
moldy sweet potatoes |
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Term
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Definition
fog fever
due to abrupt change in forage quality
takes about 2 weeks
tryptophan converted to 3-MI which destroys clara cells and type I pneumocytes in lungs
replaces it with type II pneumocytes whcih don't produce surfactant |
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Term
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Definition
difficulty breathing
distressed
sound like pneumonia without fever
exercise intolerance
pulmonary edema |
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Term
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Definition
remove pasture
NSAIDs, diuretics, bronchodilators
gradually introduce new forage
ionophores provide partial protection |
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Term
| Perilla Mint and Moldy Sweet Potatoes mechanism |
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Definition
kills type I pneumocytes
replaced by type II pneumocyte
same signs and treatment as tryptophan |
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Term
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Definition
horses- puts holes in brain
pigs - pulmonary edema |
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Term
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Definition
polytetrafluroethylene is relased when cooking
affects birds and kills them
depends on air ventilation
poor prognosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| if aspirated, end up with aspiration pneumonia |
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