Term
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Definition
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Term
| The vasodilator __ is reduced in Endothelial Dysfunction |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The larger the radius of a vessel the large the wall tension is needed to w/stand a given fluid pressure |
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Term
| Why is LaPlacess law important in Systolic HF |
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Definition
| end-diastolic volume increaes and more wall tension is needed to generate the same pressure so the ventricles must increase their work |
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Term
| LCA blood flow is during ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| RCA blood flow is during both diastole & systole unles there is pathology, then it's ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What's Anterosclerosis effect on Coronary Flow rate |
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Definition
1. Flow is reduced when the lesion is 90% below this you only see during exercise 2. Vasodilation is impaired 3. Ischemia starts in the subendothelial region |
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Term
| What are the risk factors in Angina |
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Definition
1. Smoking 2. Cholesterol 3. Sedentary lifestyle 4. Diabtetes |
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Term
| What's the typical presentation of Angina |
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Definition
1. Substernal Pressure brough on by exertion 2. Relieved w/ sublingual nitroglycerin |
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Term
| What's the Atypical presentation of Angina |
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Definition
1. Indigestion/Heartburn 2. Nausea & vomiting 3. SOB |
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Term
| What are the 2 Acute Coronary Syndromes |
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Definition
1. Unstable Angina: Sudden increase in tempo & duratoin of ischemic episodes 2. MI |
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Term
| What effect on a EKG does angina have? |
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Definition
| ST depression upon exercising |
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Term
| What's the gold standard for Angina? |
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Definition
| Direct visualization of coronary artery |
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Term
| List the 3 types of Coronary artery syndromes |
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Definition
1. Unstable Angina 2. Non-ST Segmented MI 3. ST Segmented MI |
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Term
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Definition
| Decrease blood flow w/out necrosis |
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Term
| What's the pathological characteristics of Unstable Angina |
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Definition
| Subendocardial Ischemia w/out necrosis |
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Term
| What's the difference between unstable angina & non-ST segmented MI |
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Definition
| Non-ST segmented has subendocardial ischemia w/ necrosis, so there is elevated Tropinin |
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Term
| Give the characteristics of ST Segmented MI |
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Definition
1. Severe chest pain > 30 min 2. Elevated ST 3. Complete artery occulsion 4. Transmyocardial necrosis |
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Term
| What 4 things can rupture a Plaque |
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Definition
1. Physical or Emtional Stress 2. Catecholamine Release 3. Shear stress 4. Vasospasm |
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Term
| Describe the lipid core of a plaque |
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Definition
| Lipids, foam cells & Thrombogenic material |
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Term
| Name 3 things that weaken the fibrous cap |
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Definition
1. Lymphocytes secreted IFN g that inhibits collagen formatoin 2. Cytokines stimulate foam cells to secrete collagen degradation enzymes 3. Proteases |
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Term
| Give the symptoms of Coronary Artery Syndrome |
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Definition
1. Chest pain & pressure 2. Diaphoresis (excess sweating) 3. SOB 4. Weakness/Dizzy |
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Term
| What's the most sensitive marker for Coronary Artery Syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 technqiues used to manage coronary artery syndorme |
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Definition
1. Ballon or stent 2. Thrombolytics 3. Coronary Artery Bypass |
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