ORIGIN: spine of the scapula& acromion

TERMINATION: deltiod tuberosity of humerus (cranial humerus)

ACTION: flex the humeral joint

ORIGIN:supraspinous fossa of scapula

TERMINATION:greater tubercle of humerus

ACTION:extend the humeral joint

ORIGIN:infraspinous fossa of scapula

TERMINATION:greater tubercle of humerus

ACTION: flex humeral joint, abduct the limb

ORIGIN: caudal border of scapula

TERMINATION:teres minor tuberosity of humerus

ACTION: flex humeral joint

ORIGIN: scapula (subscapular fossa)

TERMINATION:lesser tubercle humerus

ACTION:adduct limb at humeral joint

parallels the caudal border of the scapula

Origin:  caudal border of scapula

Termination:  teres major tuberosity of humerus

Action:  flex the humeral joint

Origin:  coracoid process of scapula

Termination:  crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action:  adduct limb at shoulder

Origin:  supraglenoid tubercle 

Action:  flex the cubital joint and extend the humeral joint

Origin:  brachial groove of humerus

Termination:  proximal radius and/or ulna

Action:  flex the cubital joint 

 note: protects the radial nerve

(long, medial, and lateral heads in all species;carnivores also have an accessory head)

Origin:  caudal border of scapula (long head); proximal humerus (other heads)

Termination:  tuber olecrani

Action:  extend the cubital joint (all heads); flex the humeral joint (long head)

note: if you lose function of other flexing muscles (denervated), triceps brachii take over along w lat. dorsi

Origin:  latissimus dorsi and fascia on caudal border of scapula

Termination:  tuber olecrani

Action:  extend the cubital joint (and tense the deep antebrachial fascia)

Action:  extend the cubital joint

must be cut to do surgery on the cubital joint. most extension action comes from other muscles

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus (and its crest)

Termination:  dorsal base of second and third metacarpal bones

Action:  extend the carpal joints and flex the cubital joint (weakly)

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  extensor processes of the distal phalanges

Action:  extend the carpal and digital joints

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  distal phalanges (also the proximal and/or middle phalanges) of lateral digit(s)

Action:  extend the carpal joints and the digital joints of the lateral most digits (always 4 & 5, sometimes 3; never 2)

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  accessory carpal bone and lateral base of fifth metacarpal bone

Action:  flex the carpal joints; abduct the manus

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  body of radius

Action:  supination of the manus

Origin:  lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Action:  flexes the cubital joint and supinates the manus

can be confused for cephalic vein

Origin:  medial epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3

Action:  flex the carpal joints

 (2 heads:  humeral and ulnar)

Origin:  medial epicondyle and olecranon

Termination:  accessory carpal bone

Action:  flex the carpal joints

Origin:  medial epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  middle phalanges of the digits (palmar aspects)

Action:  flex the carpal joints, meatacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

(3 heads:  humeral, radial, ulnar)

Origin:  humerus (medial epicondyle), radius, ulna.  (The radial head may be absent in eq.)

Termination:  flexor tubercles of distal phalanges

Action:  flex the carpal and digital joints

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Termination:  medial body of radius

Action:  weak elbow flexion and weak pronation of the manus

Attachments:  apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna

Action:  pronation of the manus

retinacula: hold tendons in place

proximal: SDF and DDF

distal: DDF only

extension of SDF that covers DDF

proximal to this, the DDF is deep to the SDF

distal to this, the SDF is deep to the DDF

coracobrachialis

subscapularis

sup and deep pecs

deep digital flexor

superficial digital flexor flexes proximal IPJ