Term
| Definition: Pathological Calcification |
|
Definition
| -the accumulation of calcium phosphates in tissues that normally are NOT calcified (soft tissues) |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of pathological calcification? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Definition: Dystrophic calcificaiton |
|
Definition
| -calcification of tissue that has undergone or is undergoing necrosis |
|
|
Term
| Definition: metastatic calcification |
|
Definition
| -calcification of normal tissue due to high serum calcium levels (hypercalcemia) |
|
|
Term
| True or False: During Dystrophic calcification, serum calcium levels are elevated. |
|
Definition
| FALSE, serum calcium levels are normal |
|
|
Term
| What type of necrosis is habitually accompanied by dystrophic calcification? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two main sources of calcium in the soft tissue during dystrophic calcification? |
|
Definition
-crystalline calscium phosphate accumulationg in dead tissues (as matrix vesicles)
-intracellular calcium accumulates in dying cells and precipitates |
|
|
Term
| What type of calcification is evident in White Muscle Disease? |
|
Definition
| -dystrophic calcification |
|
|
Term
| In what clinical situation is dystrophic calcification a common incidental finding? |
|
Definition
| -in the testes of old bulls (seen in testicular parenchyma) |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Dystrophic calcification only occurs in the aortas of cow's with Johne's disease, otherwise it is a rare finding. |
|
Definition
| FALSE, common in any and all debilitated cattle with or without Johne's disease |
|
|
Term
| Metastatic calcification is the calcification of (dead/healthy) tissue that (can/cannot) affect many tissues. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the direct physiological cause of metastatic calcification? |
|
Definition
| -persistent hypercalcemia |
|
|
Term
| What are the common sites of calcium salt deposits in metastatic calcification? |
|
Definition
-blood vessels
-intestinal and gastric mucosa
-BMs of renal tubules
-pulmonary alveolar walls |
|
|
Term
| Give a few examples of common causes of metastatic calcification. |
|
Definition
-Hyperparathyroidism: primary (tumor) or renal/nutritional secondary
-Vit D toxicosis
-chronic renal failure (which can also lead to Vit D issues)
-Pseudohyperparathyroidism; lymphoma and anal sac carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| What are the two most common ways metastatic calcification becomes an issue due to Vitamin D toxicosis? |
|
Definition
-excessive vitamin D in the diet of animas
-ingestion of rodent poisons that contain calciferol-type compounds
-ingestion of Cestrum spp plants (in SE US) that produce vit D like compound |
|
|
