Term
| 1727 - Awakening at Herrnhut Launches Moravian Brethren |
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Definition
| Count Zinzendorf and following had their own branch of Protestantism, and were great missionaries. Inspired John Wesley and William Carey. |
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Term
| 1735 - Great Awakening Under John Edwards |
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Definition
| Winthrop and Edwards were the founders of religious zeal in 18th century America. Whole nation began to experience revival. |
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Term
| 1738 - John Wesley's Conversion |
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Definition
| Wesley was an excellent missionary, went through England and Scotland, preaching; slowly broke from Anglicanism, created Methodism, which changed British society. |
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Term
| 1780 - Robert Raikes Begins Sunday Schools |
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Definition
| Raikes founded Sunday School, taught poor children specifically. Had religious and secular implications. |
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Term
| 1739 - William Carey Sails for India |
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Definition
| Famous missionary who preached the gospel to India; began the missionary movement throughout the world. |
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Term
| 1807 - The British Parliament Votes to Abolish the Slave Trade |
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Definition
| William Wilberforce was the driving force behind Britain abolishing the slave trade, though it took him 18 years. |
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Term
| 1811 - The Campbells begin the Disciples of Christ |
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Definition
| Campbell (from Pennsylvania) didn't necessarily want to start a new church, but his focus on Bible-only doctrine and personal faith pushed him to create the Disciples of Christ. |
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Term
| 1812 - Adoniram and Ann Judson Sail for India |
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Definition
| Adoniran and Ann Judson (married) preached Christianity in Burma, translated Bible into Burmese and Siamese, and created two different missionary societies. |
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Term
| 1816 - Richard Allen Founds African Methodist Episcopal Church |
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Definition
| Allen (a black man), fed up with segregation, created own church for blacks and fostered the strong black spirituality that "lives on today." |
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Term
| 1817 - Elizabeth Fry Begins Ministry to Women in Prison |
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Definition
| Elizabeth married a Quaker, began helping women/children prisoners. Then organized a team of women to visit female prisoners, read Bible to them, teach them sewing. Promoted better prison conditions. |
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Term
| 1830 - Charles G. Finney's Urban Revivals Begin |
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Definition
| Led emotional revivals throughout U.S., famous for religious drama, advertising techniques. |
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Term
| 1830 - John Nelson Darby Helps Start Plymouth Brethren |
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Definition
| Nelson one of several who emphasized simplicity into church life in England/Ireland. |
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Term
| 1833 - John Keble's Sermon "National Apostasy" Initiates The Oxford Movement |
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Definition
| Keble concerned about Anglicanism, sought to renew it to the beliefs/practices of the early church. Ang. clergymen worked with the poor, became more Catholic in nature. Famous hymns developed from this. |
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Term
| 1854 - Hudson Taylor Arrives in China |
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Definition
| Brilliant missionary responsible for reforming missionary efforts in China. Founded the Chinese Inland Mission. |
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Term
| 1854 - Soren Kierkegaard Publishes Attacks on Christendom |
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Definition
| Writer and philosopher; father of existentialism, responsible for the subjectivity of modern theology |
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Term
| 1854 - Charles Haddon Spurgeon Becomes Pastor in London |
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Definition
| Very direct preacher who was part of the Second Evangelical Revival; popular writings even today. |
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Term
| 1855 - Dwight L. Moody's Conversion |
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Definition
| Uneducated childhood, converted as a young adult; was a traveling preacher, built on Revivalist tradition, started a seminary for boys and girls. Very practical evangelical. |
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Term
| 1857 - David Livingstone Publishes 'Missionary Travels' |
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Definition
| Maverick missionary in far inland Africa, traveled through and explored the continent and helped Africans while preaching. |
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Term
| 1865 - William Booth Founds the Salvation Army |
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Definition
| Founded the Salvation Army, carried gospel to the poor of England. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proclaimed the doctrine of Papal Infallibility, Immaculate Conception, lost political authority |
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Term
| 1886 - Student Volunteer Movement Begins |
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Definition
| One of Moody's conferences; Wilder decided to spread the spirit of the conference and traveled; others, like Mott launched the World's Student Christian Federation. Sparked Interest in missions at a crucial time. |
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Term
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Definition
| L.A., launched Pentacostalism. |
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Term
| 1910-1915 - Publication of "The Fundamentals" Launches Fundamentalism Movement |
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Definition
| Lyman Stewart concerned about rising trend of modernism in churches; published "The Fundamentals" about church and behavior. Combined the revivalist (Moody), Holiness (Methodist), Millenarian sentiments. Scopes Trial. |
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Term
| 1919 - Karl Barth's "Commentary on Romans" is Published |
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Definition
| WWI and WWII were shocking; Barth's ideas turned to the themes of sin and God's sovereignty. "God will save everyone." Encouraged Bible study, returned to "Almighty God" idea. |
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Term
| 1921 - First Christian Radio Broadcast |
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Definition
| Preacher Paul Rader on the radio, created a big "radio ministry." Precursor to big religion on TV. |
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Term
| 1934 - Cameron Townsend Begins Summer Institue of Linguistics |
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Definition
| Townsend translated N.T. into Cakchiquel; set up a linguistics school for missionaries in the U.S. Responsible for a lot of the translation work in religion. |
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Term
| 1945 - Dietrich Bonhoeffer Executed by Nazis |
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Definition
| Bonhoeffer stood up to Third Reich, smuggled Jews out of Germany, was executed. "Sacrificial Faith" a good example. |
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Term
| 1948 - World Council of Churches is Formed |
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Definition
| John Mott (of the Student Volunteer Movement) partly responsible; Churches at first hesitant, then agreed to meet. The WCC still active today, preaching union and cooperation between churches. |
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Term
| 1949 - Billy Graham's Los Angeles Crusade |
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Definition
| Graham a master of mass media; was a wildly popular preacher, had a style of cooperative evangelism. Major religious figure and 100 million people have heard him in person. |
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Term
| 1960 - Beginnings of the Modern Charismatic Renewal |
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Definition
| Dennis Bennett, experienced "speaking in tongues," broke off and formed own church. Charismatic movement dynamic, eye-catching; great success in third world countries. |
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Term
| 1962 - Second Vatican Council Begins |
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Definition
| John XXIII modernized the church, preached acceptance and progressivism; caused sweeping reforms in Catholicism: could worship NOT in Latin, all Christians are good people, etc. |
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Term
| 1963 - Martin Luther King, Jr. Leads March on Washington |
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Definition
| Young minister who lead bus boycott in Montgomery; influenced by Ghandi's "overcome evil with good"; supported by black ministers, whites, Jews, etc.Wrote his Letter from a Birmingham Jail, which states that everyone must be patient in waiting for rights. March on Washington most critical moment in civil-rights history; he won Nobel peace prize. |
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Term
| 1966-1976 - Chinese Church Grows Despite Cultural Revolution |
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Definition
| 1966 cultural revolution had closed down all Christian churches; In 1976, Mao and Enlai (dictators) died and by 1979, churches were allowed to reopen. Surprisingly, church members were more dedicated and there were thousands more church members than before because the hardships brought them all together. |
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