Term
| What must DNA be able to do? |
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Definition
Mutate or change
Replicate
Produce proteins responsible for physical changes |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of copying or transcribing genetic information from DNA to RNA |
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Term
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Definition
process by which information in RNA is converted to a new language à amino acid sequences
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Term
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Definition
specific mRNA sequence of three nucleotides |
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Term
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Definition
carrier molecule. At one end is the anticodon and at the other is a binding site to which a specific amino acid is attached
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Term
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Definition
a triplet nucleotide sequence at one end of tRNA |
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Term
| Steps of DNA transcription |
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Definition
1) Initiation (start of transcription) RNA polymerase binds to DNA
2) During elongation, RNA polymerase makes a copy of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA
3) Termination marks the end of transcription. Completed RNA is released from the DNA and the RNA polymerase. |
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Term
Language of DNA?
Language of RNA? |
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Definition
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Term
Growth factor?
Growth inhibitor? |
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Definition
signal molecule that enables normal cells to divide
signal molecule that prevents cell division |
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Term
Transcription factor?
Signal transducer? |
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Definition
a molecule inside the cell that relays the information once a signal molecule binds to a receptor
molecule that regulates which genes are active in a cell
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Term
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Definition
a gene that encodes for a protein that tells a cell not to divide |
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Term
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Definition
gene that encodes for a protein that regulates cell division
a gene that tells the cell to divide in the absence of normal instructions to do so
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Term
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Definition
| sequences composed of nucleotide triplets |
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Term
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Definition
| forms ribosomes, clamp like structures that hold mRNA and tRNA in the correct orientation so that amino acids can be connected together |
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