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Definition
is used mostly for high-volume standardized products that can be produced in a sequential fashion
(EX: crayola crayons.) |
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| places small teams of workers who handle all aspects of assembly, so each station is equipped with the parts and tools necessary to product a product from start to finish. |
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are used for manufacturing large items, such as ships airplanes and modular homes.
(product stays in one place and workers move around it)
(EX: used for large items such as ships, airplanes and modular homes) |
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Definition
| one of the first decisions that operations managers make that involves deciding what is needed to be manufactured and what needs to be purchased from outside suppliers. |
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| groups together similar tasks and the partially assembled product moves from one station to the next as works perform a particular step in the process. |
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Definition
managing the activities and processes to produce and distribute goods and services.
- proximity to market
-transportation costs. |
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Definition
the availability of public infrastructure services
(EX: electricity, natural gas) |
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| Human factor impact on location |
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Definition
1. labor availability
2. living conditions
3. laws and regulations. |
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Facility layout
(& 2 types) |
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Definition
physical arrangements of resources and people in the production process and how they interact
1. process layout
2. product layout |
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Definition
| refers to the planning, implementation, and control measures used to convert resources into finished products. |
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| The value that the act of poduction gives finished products by satisfying c onsumers' wants or needs. |
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Definition
| a description of how resources are to be used to develop a product in a specific way. |
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Term
| 4 types of production processes |
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Definition
- mass production
- mass customization
- flexible manufacturing
- lean production
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Term
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Definition
| the method od producing large quantities of goos at a low cost. (relies on machines) |
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Definition
| a production line in which partially complete products ar emoved from one worker to the next on a conveyor belt. |
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Definition
| the production of goods or services tailored to meet customers' individual needs cost-effectively. |
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Term
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)
(& four components) |
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Definition
several machines are linked together by one central computer and all machines in the system can process different part types simultaneously.
4 components:
- processing machines
- material handling system
- central computer
- human labor
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Definition
| a set of principles concerned with reducing waste and improving flow. (do more with less) |
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Term
| computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) |
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Definition
| uses the design data to control the machinery used int he manufacturing process. |
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| computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) |
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Definition
| combines design and manufacturing functions with other automated functions. |
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Term
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Definition
refers to the efficient organization of equipment, facilities, labor, and materials.
- forward scheduling - start the date that materials are available, create the most efficiant schedule and determine a shipping date based on that schedule
- backward scheduling - you are given a shiping or due date and you have to determine the start date and the most efficient schedule based on when everything must be finished
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Term
components of an effective schedule
(2) |
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Definition
- Loading - assigning a job to a specific machine or an entire work center
- Sequencing - assigning the order in which jobs are processed
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Term
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Definition
| a tool that is formatted similary to a horizontal bar graph. It is used to layout each task in a proect, the order in which these task must be completed, and how long each task should take. |
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Term
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Definition
| method that maps out the various steps involved in a project, differentiating tasks that must be completed in a certain order from tasks that may be completed simultaneously |
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Term
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Definition
| is the task of acquiring the materials and services needed in the production process. |
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Term
| just-in-time (JIT) inventory control system |
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Definition
| system that keeps the smallest amount of inventory on hand as possible and everyhing else that is needed is ordered so that it arrives when it needed. |
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Term
| radio frequency identification (RFID) |
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Definition
| allows computer to keep track of the status and quantity of each item. |
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Term
| materials requirement planing (MRP) |
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Definition
| a computer-based program used for the specifics of that order are input into the MRP system. It determines which parts willl be needed to fnish the job and compares these findings to the current inventory. |
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Term
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Definition
| that is only as effective as its data (if it's not well maintained the estimates will become increasingly useless. |
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Term
| enterprise resource planning (ERP) |
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Definition
can do the same inventory control and process scheduling that MRP systems can do, but they integrate these function with other aspects that business management would like to tie together, such as finance and human resources.
(EX: Oracle, Microsoft) |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of techniques, activities, and processes to guarantee that a certain good or service meets a specified level of quality. |
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Term
| total quality management (TQM) |
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Definition
| products are reviewed at certain points of the process (usually the end), TQM involves every factor in producing high quality goods- management, customers, employees and suppliers |
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Term
| statistical quality control (SQC) |
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Definition
| the continual monitoring of each stage of the entire production process to ensure that qualit standars are being met at every stage. |
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Term
| statistical process control (SPC) |
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Definition
| uses statistical sampling of products at every phase of production and displays the results on a graph to show potential variations that need to be corrected. |
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Term
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Definition
( a common SPC tool )
a method that seeks to eliminate defects by removing variation in outcomes and measuring and analyzing manufacturing pocesses to see if standards are being met.
** company produces at a low defect rate of just 3.4 defects per 1,000,000 opportunities ** |
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Term
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Definition
(International Organization for Standardization)
an organization dedicated to creating worldwide standards of qualit for goods and services.
** Objective: to develop production processes that are equal in quality and capability in all participating countries.**
** standards apply not to the products themselves but to the production methods and systems used to manufacture them. ** |
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Term
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Definition
Implements a quality management system
&
Implements an environmental management system |
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Term
| benfits of ISO certification |
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Definition
- improved customer satifaction
- international recognition
- increased efficiancy
- procedural consistency
- factual approach to decision making that are all due to the guidelines and training that need to established.
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Term
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Definition
| includes the receiving, storing, handling, and tracking of everything in a company's stock from raw materials to finished products. |
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