Term
| tissue injuries caused by heat |
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Definition
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Term
| depending on the source of the injury the burn is described as |
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Definition
| thermal, chemical, electrical, radiation or inhalation |
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Term
| burns are classified by the _ of the tissue injury |
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Definition
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Term
| size of the burn isi often defined as the percentage of _ |
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Definition
| body surface area affected |
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Term
| to describe depth a burn is classified as |
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Definition
| partial or full thickness |
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Term
| burn siz my be estimated using the |
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Definition
| rule of nines or the lund an browder methoud |
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Term
| estimates the percentage of body surface area burned, using percentage values of nine or multiples of nin |
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Definition
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Term
| for and example of the rule of nine, in an adult if one arm and hand are burned, the burn size is estimated as |
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Definition
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Term
| also estimates the percentage of body surface burned but the body is divided into smaller segments, different percentages are assigned to body parts depending ont he patients age |
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Definition
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Term
| in the lund and browder method the head of an infant is _ of the total body surface area whear as the head of an adult is only _ ot the total body surface area |
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Definition
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Term
| a quick method of estimating the percentage of body surface bruned is to use the patient's palm, the size of the palm represents |
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Definition
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Term
| partial thickness burns are sometimes called |
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Definition
| first or second degree burns |
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Term
| a burn affecting only the epidermis |
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Definition
| superficial or first degree burn |
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Term
| a burn that affects the epidermis and the dermis is a _ depending on tissues affected |
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Definition
| superficial, deep partial thickness or second degree burn |
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Term
| burns that extend into even deeper tissue layers are called |
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Definition
| full thickness or third/fourth degree burns |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| painful and usually appear blistered or weepy and pale to red or pink |
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Definition
| supericial partial thickness burns |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial partial thickness burn |
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Term
| a deep partial thickness burn is characterized by |
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Definition
| large, thick walled blisters or edema and weeping cherry red exposed dermis |
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Term
| deep partial thickness burns are painful and sensitive to |
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Definition
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Term
| full thickness burns involve the |
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Definition
| epidermis, dermis and underlying tissues including fat, muscle and bone |
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Term
| full thickness burns typically appear |
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Definition
| dry, full leathery and may be red, white brown or black |
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Term
| burned tissue of full thickness burns usually lacks |
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Definition
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Term
| burn severity is based on |
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Definition
| size, depth, location, age, general health status and mechanism of injury |
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Term
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Definition
burn size >25% for those younger than 40 and >20% for people older than 40
disfiguring or disabling injuries to the face, eyes, ears, hands, feet or perineum
high voltage electrical burn injury,
inhalation injury
major trauma in addition ot the burn |
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Term
| any time you see _ around the mouth and nose an _ injury should be supsected |
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Definition
| black soot, inhalation injury |
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Term
| burn injured tissue releases chemicals that cause increased _ which permits _ to leak into the tissues |
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Definition
| capillary permeability, plasma |
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Term
| injury to cel membranes permits excess _ to enter the cell and allows _ to excape into the extracellular compartment |
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Definition
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Term
| shifts in fluids and electrlytes cause _ |
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Definition
| local edema and decrease in cardiact output |
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Term
| the shift of plasma proteins from the capillaries may result in _ which causes fluid to shift from the bloodstream to the _ |
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Definition
| hypoporoteinemia, extracellular tissue |
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Term
| fluid rescitation is critical during the first |
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Definition
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Term
| because of a burn blood flow to the intestines decreases and an _ may develop |
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Definition
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Term
| some patients have stress ulcers sometimes callled _ after sever burns |
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Definition
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Term
| the most common infection after burns are |
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Definition
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Term
| most common organism that may be seen in burn patients that come from overseas |
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Definition
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Term
| the burn patient mauy suffer inhalation injuries including |
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Definition
| carbon monoxide smoke poisoing and thermal damage |
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Term
| occurs with flame burns or form being trapped in an enclosed space filled with smoke |
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Definition
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Term
| suspect inhalation injury if the patient has |
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Definition
| facial burns, redness and swelling of the pharynx, restlessness, cough, dyspnea, or sooty sputum |
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Term
| carbon monoxide displaces _ on hemoglobin, so the blood is unable to trasport _ to the tissues |
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Definition
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Term
| the patient will show signs of _ and die if corbon monxide poison is not corrected |
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Definition
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Term
| the result of inhaling combustion by products |
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Definition
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Term
| thermal damge to the lower airway is rare but can happen if the patient was _ |
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Definition
| unconscious or inhaled live steam |
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Term
| with inhalation injury _ develops and may progress to _ |
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Definition
| pulmonary edema, adult resp distress syndrome |
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Term
| evidence exists of _ depression in the early postburn period |
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Definition
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Term
| for stages of psychologic response have been indentified in burn patients |
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Definition
| impact, retreat or withdrawal, acknoledgement and recontruction |
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Term
| care of the burn patient is oftend escribed in terms of three stages |
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Definition
| emergent, acute, rhabilitation |
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Term
| the emergent stage begins with the _ and ends when _ |
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Definition
| injury, fluid shifts have stabilized |
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Term
| the acute stage begins with |
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Definition
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Term
| some sources mark the end of the acute stage when all but _ of the burn wounds are closed but others define the acute stage as extending until _ wounds are closed |
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Definition
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Term
| the rehabilitation stage follows the _ and lasts as long as efforts continue to promote _ |
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Definition
| actue stage, improvement or adjustment |
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Term
| in reality rehabilitation starts as soon as the patient |
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Definition
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Term
| volume of fluid to be adminsitered is based on patient's _ and _ |
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Definition
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Term
| wound care after ab urn injury is intended to promote |
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Definition
| healing, prevent infection, control heat loss, retain function and minimize disfigurment |
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Term
| the open method of wound care infolves the use of _ |
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Definition
| topical antimicrobials but no dressings |
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Term
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Definition
| topical medications covered by dressings |
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Term
| examples of topical medications that may be used for burns are |
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Definition
| sliver sulfadiazine (silvadene) and mafenide acetate (sulfamylon) |
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Term
| pts who have never been immunized for tetanus are given _ and the first in a series of _ |
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Definition
| tetanus immune globulin, tetanus toxioid |
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Term
| for clean partial thickness wounds that will heal without grafting _ wound coverings are often used |
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Definition
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Term
| temporary wound converings include |
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Definition
| amniotic membrabes, grafts from cadavers or picgs and a number of synthetic materials that promot wound healign or protect donor or graft sites |
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Term
| grafteod areas in need of protectio are ofte covered by temporary wound coverings that prevent grafts from shifting during the first |
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Definition
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Term
| graft sites are also treated with |
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Definition
| negative pressure wound therapy |
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Term
| donor sites are more painful than graft sites because of the exposure of |
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Definition
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Term
| a partial thickness burn mya |
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Definition
| blister, peel and heal with minimal long term effects |
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Term
| a full thickness burn is often covered by a |
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Definition
| thick leathry layer of burned tissue |
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Term
| eschar must be removed before |
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Definition
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Term
| enzymes capable of dissolving eschar shuld not be applied to wounds that _ or exposed to _ |
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Definition
| communicate with major body cavities, nerves |
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Term
| burn wound may be covered using the patients own skin called an |
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Definition
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Term
| autograft is usually taken from the thigh or buttocks using a toool called a |
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Definition
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Term
| if a thin layer of skin is used for grafting it is considered a |
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Definition
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Term
| a full thicness graft includes _ and provides better cosmetic results |
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Definition
| skin and subcutaneous tissue |
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Term
| one end of a section or tube of donor tissue is sutured to the recipient site while another section remains attatched to the donor site |
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Definition
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Term
| after grafting the are is immbilized for _ days to permit attacmednt of the graft to the wound base |
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Definition
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Term
| by day _ of graft all staples should be removed |
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Definition
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Term
| if pain medicine is given orally administer _ minutes before the procedure |
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Definition
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Term
| if pain medicine is given IV administer the drug _ ahead of time |
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Definition
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Term
| the room temp should be above |
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Definition
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Term
| in a burn ICU the temp may be above |
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Definition
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Term
| plastic surgergy includes |
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Definition
| aesthetic and recontructrive procedures |
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Term
| _ are performed to improve appearance |
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Definition
| aesthetic surgical procedures |
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Term
| done to correct abnormalities |
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Definition
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Term
| plastic surgery may include |
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Definition
| use of flaps and grafts, skin expansion, implants, liposuction, microvascular surgery |
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Term
| examples of aesthetic surgeyr |
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Definition
| rhytidectomy, blepharoplasty, chin implants, rhinoplasty, abdominoplasty, breast augmentaion, breast reduction |
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Term
| done to remove facial wrinkles and tighten saggin tissues |
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Definition
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Term
| rhytidectomy is commonly called a |
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Definition
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Term
| the removal of excess tissue around the eyes |
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Definition
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Term
| usually an easthetic procedure but may be done to improve function if droopy eyelids impair vision |
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Definition
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Term
| a rhinoplasty alters the _ of the nose |
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Definition
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Term
| excess skin and adipose tissue are remvoed and the abdominal muscles are tightened |
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Definition
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Term
| liposuction is used most commonly on the |
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Definition
| thighs, abdomen, arms and buttocks |
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Term
| recontructive surgery may be done to |
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Definition
| repair disfiguring scars, restore body contours after radical sugery, eliminate benign lesions such as birhtmarks, restore fetures damaged by trauma or disease, correct developmental defects |
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Term
| aspirin is usually not orderedc because it |
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Definition
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Term
| after blepharoplasty monitor the pt's |
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Definition
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