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| nonviolence, do not kill more than necessary. |
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| Buddha's first teacher. Taught Buddha how to enter a state of absorption known as the "sphere of nothingness." When Buddha quickly mastered this he was offered joint leadership with Alara in teaching this mind state, which he refused. |
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| one who has become enlightened and will not continue the cycle of samsara after death; a buddhist saint. |
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| one of the two categories Buddhist thought divides the universe into. It is the physical universe, which is thought of as a container. |
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| "wheel of life", a wheel of six realms of rebirth (humans, gods, titans, animals, hell, and ghosts.) |
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| the place where Buddha attained englightenment for seven weeks |
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| different class of being in Mahanyas, vow to help others, not achieve nirvana until others are helped. theravada only views it as an option. |
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| one who discovers the way to enlightenment by himself rather than hearing it from another. |
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| Budddhacarita/Acts of the Buddha |
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| These are the most famous and elegant accounts of the Buddha's life. They are epic poems composed in the first century by Asvaghosa |
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Dalai: ocean of wisdom
Lama: Tibetan Buddhist teacher |
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| the act of giving in Buddhism. Buddhists believe that giving without expecting anything in return provides spiritual merit and leads to a better rebirth. |
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| refers to numerous things associated with suffering (pain, anxiety, dissatisfaction) Birth, aging, and death are all stages of Dukkha. |
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1. To refrain from taking life
2. To refrain from stealing
3. To refrain from sexual misconduct
4. To refrain from lying
5. To refrain from intoxicants which lead to loss of mindfulness.
Bikkhu's follow 3 additional precepts:
1. To refrain from eating after noon
2. To refrain from entertainment and decorations
3. To refrain from using a high luxurious bed, or one that provides any form of comfort. |
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| King Ashoka (373-232 BCE) |
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| unifided Buddhist sects, spread Buddhism to his Indian Kingdom, ruled as a Buddhist king, sent out missionaries. |
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| changes. sutra refers to a discourse. |
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| "Great Vehicle", one of the two major divisions of buddhism. Believe in dharma, sambhoga, and nirmana. Guatama was not the only Buddha to whom one could turn for there were many buddhas. |
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| the Buddha that will appear at the end of the present eon and help everyone to gain enlightenment; similar to the 'second coming' |
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| A sand painting created by Buddhists in a consecrated space. A mandala usually takes about five days to complete and is then brushed away in order to reinforce the Buddhist idea of non-attachment (araga) |
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| The elimination of suffering that one achieves by following the eight-fold path. Similar to samsara in hinduism. |
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The collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition. Has three categories called Pitaka (basket)
1. Vinaya Pitaka: rules for monks and nuns
2. Sutta Pitaka: teachings attributed to the Buddha and his companions
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka: various philosophy and scholastic doctrine |
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| good karma recieved out of merit |
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| believes that nirvana is no longer practical and difficult to attain in our present time. One should focus on devotion to Amitabha Budda to gain access to the Pure Land heaven, which is a pleasent place in which all karma disappears and nirvana is simple to attain but not an eternal dwelling. |
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| These were known as Buddha's followers, which explains why Buddha was sometimes called Sakyamuni (the sage of the Sakyas) |
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| Literally means group or assembly. They are typically people who are ordained Buddhist monks or nuns. |
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| mental formations. character traits and dispositions that are formed when moral choices are made and given effect in action. |
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| beings, or lifeforms that reside in bhajana. It is the category that Buddhist throught divides the universe into. |
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| one who has achieved his aim |
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| morality, refers to the principals of ethical behavior in Buddhism. The morality of thought, word, and deed corresponding to the five precepts. |
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| different locations where the ashes of buddha are kept. Some are pilgrimage points for people wanting to worship the buddha. |
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The way to cessation of suffering (dukkha) is the eightfold path.
1. right understanding, viewing reality as it is, not as it appears to be.
2. right thought, good intentions of freedom and nonviolence.
3.right speech, speaking in a truthful and non-truthful way.
4. right action, acting in a non-violent way.
5. right livlihood, non harmful livelihood.
6. right effort, making an effort to improve.
7. right mindfulness, aware to see things for what they are with clear consciousness.
8. right meditation, concentration. |
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| eightfold path categories |
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wisdom, intellect (panna): right understanding and thought.
moral virtues (sila): right speech, action, and livelihood
meditative work (samadhi): right effort, mindfulness, and concentration. |
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| literally means "the teaching of elders". More conservative in buddhism associated with the earliest teachings in buddhism. Teaches concepts of Vibhajjavada, insight as a result of an individuals experience and effort. Look to elders for wisdom. Stresses importance of the monastic life. A person may awaken from "a sleep of ignorance" by understanding the true nature of reality. |
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The three bodies of buddha according to mahayana tradition:
1. Dharmakaya: formless embodiment of the truth itself, teaching.
2. Sambhogakaya: celestial being
3. Nirmanakaya (human body, example being siddhartha gautama) |
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| One of Buddha's teachers who taught him to enter the sphere of neither perception nor non-perception, in which conciousness itself seemed to disappear. Uddaka was so impressed he offered to become a disciple of Buddha, in which Buddha refused. |
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| Sect of buddhism, 3rd turning of the wheel of dharma, tantric buddhism (influence of the tantras), tibetan buddhism. |
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| the idea of insight into moral and intellectual truth through meditation |
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meditation, enlightenment, showed different activities:
zazen (sitting meditation), caligraphy, tea ceremony, archery, fighting, etc.
truth connectiveness in all things. |
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greed (raga)
hatred (dosa)
delusion (moha) |
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sense-desires (kamavacara)
pure form (rupavacara)
formlessness (arupavacara) |
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| 4 measureless states (Brahma-Vihara) |
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1. loving kindness (metta)
2. compassion (karuna)
3. sympathetic joy (mudita)
4. equanimity (upekkha) |
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1. dukkha is inevidable
2. to cause dukkha is desire.
3. to eliminate dukkha, desire must be eliminated.
4. the way to eliminated dukkha is the eightfold path. |
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| 5 factors of individuality |
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a physical body
sensations and feeling
congition
character traits and dispositions
conciousness |
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experiential/emotional: meditation
doctrinal/philosophical: 4 noble truths, eightfold path, discourses from the buddha.
legal/ethical: 5 precepts and their extensions, no violence.
social/institutional: sangha, monastic life
ritual/practical: meditation, mantras
narrative/mythic: jataka tales
material: stupa, bodh gaya |
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| when the buddha learned the suffering of ordinary men in the sight of an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and an ascethic holy man (who seemed to be content with life) |
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| a path of moderation between extreme indulgence and extreme self mortification. discovered after guatama first attempted extreme asceticism and almost died. |
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| not-self. not perminance or changability. |
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| enlightenment, awakening or to know. |
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| buddhist monk or householder devoted to meditation |
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| Those who have achieved the four stages of enlightenment. |
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| A person who has achieved enlightenment, or perfect wisdom that sees reality in its true form. Guatama Buddha provided an example. |
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| a specific moral code for monks and nuns |
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| Collection of scriptures for the theravada buddhism and deals with rules for monks and nuns, discourses of the buddha, and philosophy |
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later teaching of the buddha, composed by many different hands.
story of the buddha leading the children out of the flames** |
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1. generosity (dana)
2. Morality (sila)
3. Patience (Ksanti)
4.Courage (virya)
5. Mediation (samadhi)
6. Wisdom (Prajna) |
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| insight meditation, on earth all states are not perminant, even the trance brought by meditation. probe and analyze. |
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