Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Animal, plant, fungi, protozoa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prokaryotes usually considered much more simple in from compared to Eukaryotes |
|
Definition
| True ( they where considered simple but they are not truely. They are only simpler in their structure not their function ) |
|
|
Term
Both cell types depend on homeostasis for cellular survival
(True/false) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Organisms ability to maintain a stable I internal balance (internal stability)
regulated by metabolic (chemical) or stuctural change
-adapt or die |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both call types communicate with each other cells a d respond to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plant cells shrinking in response to lack of water is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Animal producing sound to communicate is an example of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prokaryotes forms micro-communities called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Collection of bacteria microorganisms living and interacting in a " multicellular state" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 steps to biofilm formation/ life cycle |
|
Definition
1) reversible attachment
2) irreversible attrachment
3) maturation 1
4 maturation 2
5) dispersion |
|
|
Term
| Prokaryotes within in a biofilm communication through? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The ability for bactetia to produce and release chemical signals.
-allows for "cell-cell communication."
-communicate and coordinate behaviors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Singcall ell organisms in effect become multicellular organisms and can act together.
-"multicellular start"; simulate multicellular functions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Examples of harmful biofilms ( disease causing) |
|
Definition
plaque
some lung/ ear infections |
|
|
Term
| examples of useful biofilms |
|
Definition
Sewage treatment
bioremediation: clean up of chemically contaminated environments |
|
|
Term
| Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes are both surrounded by outer? |
|
Definition
| Cell menebrane (know as plasma menebrane in Eukaryotes |
|
|
Term
| Allows fluid and waste to exchange between the cell and its environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes both allow for _____ within individual cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes preform ______ to produce stucntural and functional parts of the cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes make proteins by using_____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes have ____ as genetic material |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA is genetic material in _____. |
|
Definition
Chromosomes
(chromosomes structure and # vary) |
|
|
Term
| No membrane bound nucleus/organelles present |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA in nucleoid; region/location of genetic material inside cell w/in cytoplasm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
DNA; single, circular strand
(double strand helix) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Menebrane bounds organelles w/in cytoplasm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA in nucleus ( menebrane bound) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA; multiple, linear strands (double bound) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Eukaryotes cell approx 10 X larger than Prokaryotes
true/false |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eukaryotes chromosomes are; |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metabic processes; both Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes perform_____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells convert chemical energy into usable cellular energy is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metabolic process: with in Eukaryotes cellular respiration take place |
|
Definition
| In mitochondria (organelle) and /or chloroplasts (organelle in photosynthetic) |
|
|
Term
| Metabolic processes: within Prokaryotes takes place in |
|
Definition
In cytosol (liquid inside cell within Cytoplasm)
along cell membrane |
|
|
Term
| Is science of classifying organisms based on natural or logical relationships. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Historically living organisms including bacteria were grouped according to______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Laid the foundation for modern taxonomy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carolus Linnaeus devised a 2 name system to classify organisms: it was called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two words used to classify an organism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classification rank compose of a group of one or more species of organisms with similar characteristics. ( used alone or with species/ specific epithet name. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Further describes the genus name; least inclusive classification rank; based on morphological and biological similarities. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Used classify organisms based on successive leveLos if similarities |
|
Definition
| Hierarchical System of classification |
|
|
Term
| Old Hierarchical system of classificatio |
|
Definition
-domain
- kingdom
- Phylum
-class
- order
- family
-genus
- species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Eukarya (plantea, animal, fungi, Protista)
- Bacteria ( eubacteria, true bactetia, old)
- Archaea ( extre bacteria ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-animal
-fungi
-plantea
-protista
-monera ( bacteria) |
|
|
Term
| Using staining reaction to determine morphology of cells (Shape, size and arrangement) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Look at metabolic processes used different species
-Use a narrow down potential pathogens |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Testing of blood serum/watery part; antigen-antibody interaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Look and compares bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
-basis for the separation of the bacteria for on the Archaea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A method of determining the identity of an unknown species used a series of positive or negative test results/ procedures
- is not an individual test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why use stain to see bacteria? |
|
Definition
-because bacteria cells are very tiny and colorless
-diffical to see contrast between cell and backgrown of the microscope field |
|
|
Term
-Make a wet mount of specimen
-Heat fix specimen
-Add Basic Stains (cationic dye)(only one stain used)
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Opposite of simple stain
-Negatively charged acidic (anionic) dye used
-No heat fixation required (room temp) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Allows cells to be differentiated visually into groups based on staining differences
-use 2 stains and a decolorizer |
|
Definition
| differential staining technique |
|
|
Term
| the method is named after its inventor, the Danish scientist Hans Christian Gram |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-prepare sample/ smear-air dry-heat fix
-Crystal Violet 1 min-rinse
-Gram's iodine 1 min-rinse
-Decolorizer 10-15 sec-rinse
-Safranin 1 min-rinse
view results under oil immersion |
|
Definition
| Steps for gram stain technique |
|
|
Term
Purple cells
thick cell wall retains original stain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
red cells
thin cell wall releases primary stain and requires a counterstain for viewing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells retain red/pink prink primary stain after acid-alcohol wash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells appear blue following acid-alcohol wash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Another physical characteristic for studying microorganisms and viruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Based of the metric system
-Standard unit of length is the_______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one millionth of a meter or .000001 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
100 um= very large cells
1um = small cells |
|
|
Term
| Majority of bacterial cells are |
|
Definition
1um - 5um
(blood or spore cells are approx .10um) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary tool used to observe microorganisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
uses visible light rays and convex lenses
-used to increase magnification |
|
Definition
| light microscope/compound microscope |
|
|
Term
used to inrease resolving power of micreoscope
- ability to view closely spaced objects clearly |
|
Definition
|
|
