Term
| bucharest early intervention project |
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Definition
-started in 2000
-headed by charles nelson
-136 children between ages 6 and 31 months
-studying the impact of early deprivation on romanias institutionalzed children and the potential healing effects of placeing them in foster care/ families |
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Term
| findings of Bucharest early intervention project |
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Definition
compared to age matched peers
-lower IQ (65 to 103)
- more mental illness (56% vs 14%)
- they smiled less, laughed less, and were less likely to initate or respond to social interactions
- language skills were stunted, ability to form healthy attachments to caregivers; also sizable minority of children failed to form any attachment
Recovery: emotional disorders improved, behavioral (ADD) not improving, before 2 (language almost normal) |
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Term
| changing neurons: myelination |
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Definition
encasing axons with fat cells, begins prenatally and contiues after birth
-large increase in synaptic connections
~between 4-10 years of age start to lose the over abunance of synaptic connections
~best time to learn is when you have the most synaptic connections |
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Term
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Definition
3-6 years of age there is growth in the frontal lobe
-allows for planning, organiting, and maintaing attention
- kids are able to go to preschool and start elementary school |
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Term
| infancy sleeping behaviors |
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Definition
restores, rephenishes and rebuilds brain and body
-new borns sleep a total of 16-18 hours a day
-rapid eye movement(REM) stage 5-->vital growth of CNS (brain and spinal cord) and protects eyes --> keeps eyes lubricated
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Term
| infancy sleeping patterns |
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Definition
by 1 month starts sleeping longer at night
-2-3 months start responding to dark and light
- 4 months sleeping pattern closer to adults ( walk in the middle of the day, sleep better)
-2 years starts sleeping 12-13 hours a day (growth slows down) |
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Term
| when should an infant nap |
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Definition
6-9 months = 2 naps
1.5 years of age = 1 nap
4-5years of age =0 naps |
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Term
| shared sleeping or "co-sleeping" |
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Definition
infant sleeps near parents on firm surface with light covering
-90% of worlds population
from the evolutionary perspective it makes sense that children would fear sleeping alone; dangerous could explain why fight to stay awake and why they feel safer sleeping with parents |
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Term
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Definition
| child starts in own bed and later crawls into parents bed or sleeps on floor by parents bed |
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Term
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Definition
| want to brest feed longer and believe it helps children well-being and emotional development |
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Term
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Definition
| -dont really want to sleep with kids, cant get them in thier own bed or because of financial reasons they have no choice |
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Term
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Definition
| lets sleep with them when on family vacations, during thunder storms, ect |
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Term
| cultural differences in infant sleeping patterns |
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Definition
collectivism vs individualism
-builds close parent-child bond vs. instill independence~avantages- physiological regulations, prevent them from entering into sleep state too deep, increase breast-feeding, sleep better
~disadvantages- if use comforters, obese, or smoke/do drugs/ alcohol could smother child |
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Term
| sudden infant death syndrom |
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Definition
SIDS- unexplained death, usually druing night, remains unexplained after thoroughout investigation; crib death
possible explanations-> problems regulating their own breathing and give in to oxygen deprivation and death |
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Term
| risk factors and preventions of SIDS |
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Definition
risk factors: low birth weight and a sibling who has died of SIDS, sleep aprea, low SES, exposure to cigartte smoking, and soft beding
Preventions: start during pregnancy, no smoking, drugs, alcohal; sleep on back, firm mattress, not get to warm, no bumper pads, breast feeding, pacifiers |
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