Term
| Types of Nerves in the Plexus |
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Definition
- All brachial plexus named nerves contain sensory axons and sympathetic autonomic axons, most contain voluntary motor axons
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Term
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Definition
- The ventral rami pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscle
- The ventral rami of C5 & C6 and C8 & T1 unite to form trunks before there is a separation of the anterior and posterior nerve fibers (C7 is a trunk by itself)
- Each of the 3 trunks divide into anterior and posterior divisions
- All posterior divisions combine to form the posterior cord
- The anterior divisions from the upper (superior) and middle trunks join to form the lateral cord while the anterior division from the lower (inferior) trunk remains independent and becomes the medial cord
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Term
| 5 Major Branches of the Plexus |
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Definition
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Axillary nerve
- Median nerve
- Ulnar nerve
- Radial nerve
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior division
- C5-7
- Lateral cord
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior division
- C5-T1
- Merger of Medial and Lateral cords
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior division
- C8-T1
- Medial cord
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5-6
- Posterior cord
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior Division
- C5-C8 (T1)
- Posterior cord
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Term
| 11 Small Branches of the Plexus |
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Definition
- Dorsal Scapular Nerve
- Nerve to Subclavius
- Suprascapular Nerve
- Long Thoracic Nerve
- Lateral Pectoral Nerve
- Upper Subscapular Nerve
- Thoracodorsal Nerve
- Lower Subscapular Nerve
- Medial Pectoral Nerve
- Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve
- Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5
- C5 Ventral Ramus
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior division
- C5-C6
- Superior Trunk
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5-6
- Superior trunk
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5-7
- Ventral Rami C5-7
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior Division
- C5-C7
- Lateral Cord
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5-6
- Posterior cord
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C6-8
- Posterior cord
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Term
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Definition
- Posterior division
- C5-6
- Posterior cord
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Term
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Definition
- Anterior division
- C8-T1
- Medial cord
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Term
| Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve |
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Definition
- Anterior division
- T1
- Medial cord
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Term
| Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve |
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Definition
- Anterior Division
- C8-T1
- Medial Cord
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Term
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Definition
- C5-6 Injury (ventral rami, possibly superior trunk)
- Usually due to violent separation of neck and shoulder (ex: motorcycle injury, difficult delivery)
- Primary involvement --> Musculocutaneous Nerve
- Limb held in shoulder adduction, IR, elbow extension, pronation, and wrist flexion; may have scapular winging; grip intact
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Term
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Definition
- C8-T1 injury (ventral rami, possibly inferior trunk)
- Usually due to forcible abduction of shoulder
- Weak triceps, pronation, wrist and finger movements; no hand function
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Term
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Definition
- Brachial plexus is situated between anterior and middle scalenes and can be compressed by tightness or spasm of these muscles
- Compression of nerves & blood vessels
- Other Causes: Cervical rib, pectoralis minor tightness
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Term
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Definition
- Stretching of brachial plexus nerves by forcible injury or prolonged positioning (sports injury, sleeping with arm overhead)
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