Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Botany Final
Life cycles, key terms and anatomy of Viruses, Archae, Protista, Bryophytes, Lycophytes (Nonvascular plants), Gymnosperms & Angiosperms
61
Biology
Undergraduate 2
05/19/2016

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
LYCOPHYTES
Definition
Phylum of seedless vascular plants, some of which are heterosporous
Term
Lycophytes include
Definition
club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts
Term
Fern Sporophytes Consist of
Definition
•A rhizome that bears fronds (megaphylls)
•True roots
Term
Whisk fern sporophytes
Definition
•Have dichotomously branching rhizomes and erect stems
•Lack true roots and leaves
Term
Horsetail sporophytes
Definition
•Roots, rhizomes, and aerial stems are hollow and jointed
•Leaves are reduced megaphylls
Term
Whisk ferns and horsetails are classified as...
Definition
...are classified as ferns.
Term
[image]
Definition
Whisk Fern
Term
sori
Definition
clusters of sporangia on Fern fronds
Term
Meiosis in sporangia produces...
Definition
...in sporangia produces haploid spores
Term
Fern gametophyte develops from a ...
Definition
...develops from a haploid spore
Term
prothallus
Definition
Fern gametophyte
Term
Fern gametophyte (prothallus) bears...
Definition
In ferns, _ bears both archegonia and antheridia
Term
Diploid zygote grows by _ into a multicellular embryo (_) [Ferns]
Definition
_ grows by mitosis into a _ (immature sporophyte) [Ferns]
Term
Prothallus is shaped like a _, has _ instead of roots and bears _ & _
Definition
Heart; rhiziods; antheridium & archegonium
Term
Ferns:
Prothallus (gametophyte)= _
Fern (Mature sphorophyte)= _
Definition
Ferns:
_= Haploid generation
_= Diploid generation
Term
Club moss sporophyte
•roots?
•rhizomes or stems?
•microphylls or megaphylls?
Definition
_ sporophyte
•true roots
•rhizomes and erect or trailing aerial stems
•small, scalelike microphylls
Term
Spike moss sporophyte
•roots? dichotomous?
•rhizomes or stems? dichotomous?
•microphylls or megaphylls?
Definition
_ sporophyte
•long, creeping rhizomes that typically branch dichotomously
•roots that branch dichotomously
•overlapping, scalelike microphylls
Term
Quillwort sporophyte
•corm?
•microphylls or megaphylls?
•roots?
Definition
_ sporophyte
•underground corm
•cylindrical, quill-like microphylls
•roots
Term
HOMOSPORY
Definition
•Production of one type of n spore that gives rise to a bisexual gametophyte
Term
HETEROSPORY
Definition
•Production of two types of n spores, microspores and megaspores
Term
megaspores
Definition
Haploid, typically female
Term
microspores
Definition
Haploid, typically male
Term
Phylum Rhyniophyta
Definition
According to fossil record, arose about 420 mya and became extinct about 380 mya
Term
INTEGUMENT
Definition
Outer layer of an ovule that develops into a seed coat following fertilization
Term
OVULE
Definition
Structure in seed plants that develops into a seed following fertilization
Term
Ovules occur in...
Definition
...occur in gymnosperms and angiosperms
Term
gymnosperms pollen grains spread by...
Definition
...pollen grains spread by wind
Term
4 Phyla of Gymnosperms
Definition
conifers, cyads, Ginkgoes, Gnetophytes
Term
Gnetophytes resemble _ but are _ family
Definition
Gnetophytes: angiosperms, gymnosperms
Term
Order of evolution of Gymnosperms
Definition
cyads, Ginkgoes, conifers, Gnetophytes (& angiosperms)
Term
MONOECIOUS
Definition
•Having male and female reproductive parts in separate flowers or cones on the same plant
Term
DIOECIOUS
Definition
•Having male and female reproductive structures on separate plants
Term
Cyads: Monoecious or Dioecious?
Definition
Dioecious
Term
Conifers: Monoecious or Dioecious?
Definition
Monoecious
Term
Ginkoes: Monoecious or Dioecious?
Definition
Dioecious
Term
Gnetophytes: Monoecious or Dioecious?
Definition
Mostly Dioecious
Term
Pine gametophytes are
Definition
Pine ___ are extremely small and nutritionally dependent on sporophyte generation
Term
A pine tree is a mature...
Definition
... is a Pine sporophyte
Term
Pine is heterosporous or homosporous?
Definition
heterosporous
Term
Pine cones contain...
Definition
...cones contain sphorophylls & are mega OR microspores
Term
Polle
Definition
Term
SPOROPHYLL
Definition
•A leaflike structure that bears spores within a sporangium (or sporangia)
Term
Male cones produce microspores
Definition
•Develop into pollen grains, carried by air currents to female cones
Term
Female cones produce megaspores
Definition
One of four megaspores produced by meiosis develops into a female gametophyte within an ovule (megasporangium)
Term
Progymnosperms were
Definition
seedless vascular plants that had megaphylls and “modern” woody tissue
Term
Archaeopteris
Definition
Progymnosperm which existed about 370 mya, had
some features in common with
modern seed plants but did not
produce seeds.
Term
COTYLEDON
Definition
• The seed leaf of a plant embryo, which may
contain food stored for germination
Term
MONOCOT
Definition
• One of two main classes of flowering plants;
seeds contain a single cotyledon
•have floral parts in threes
•include grasses, orchids, irises,
onions, lilies, palms
Term
Eudicots
Definition
• One of two main classes of flowering plants;
seeds contain two cotyledons
• have floral parts in fours or fives
• include oaks, roses, mustards, cacti,
blueberries, sunflowers
Term
Angiosperms:
*Sporophyte generation is ...
• Gametophyte generation is ...
Definition
Angiosperms:
*_ is larger and
nutritionally independent
• _ generation is reduced to only a
few microscopic cells
Term
DOUBLE FERTILIZATION
Definition
• A process in the flowering plant life cycle in
which there are two fertilizations
• One results in formation of a zygote
• Second results in formation of endosperm
Term
Endosperm
Definition
The 3n nutritive tissue formed at some point
in the development of all angiosperm seeds
Term
APOMIXIS
Definition
• A type of reproduction in which fruits and
seeds are formed asexually
Term
BASAL ANGIOSPERM
Definition
• One of three groups of angiosperms thought
to be ancestral to all other flowering plants
Term
CORE ANGIOSPERM
Definition
• Group including most angiosperm species
Term
CORE ANGIOSPERM
Definition
three subgroups: magnoliids,
monocots, and eudicots
Term
MAGNOLIID
Definition
• One of the groups of flowering plants
• Core angiosperms once classified as “dicots,”
but molecular evidence indicates they are
neither eudicots nor monocots
• Includes species in magnolia, laurel, and
black pepper families, several related families
Term
Rose Family
Definition
• Examples: apple, pear, plum, cherry, apricot,
peach, strawberry, raspberry, rose
Term
Ray florets are
Definition
female
Term
disc florets are
Definition
bisexual
Term
Inflorescence
Definition
flowering of grasses
Supporting users have an ad free experience!