Term
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Definition
the scientific study of biological diversity and its evolutionary history |
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Term
What is the broad goal of systematics? |
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Definition
to discover all the branches of the phylogenetic tree of life |
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Term
What is the phylogenetic tree of life? |
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Definition
the family tree depicting the genealogical relationships of organisms with a single ancestral species at its base |
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Term
What is taxonomy? Who "founded" this study? |
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Definition
-the identification, naming, and classifying of species Carl Linnaeus |
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Term
What are the two terms in the binomial naming system? |
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Definition
the genus name and a single word derived from the original polynomial species name (the specific epithet) |
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Term
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Definition
a dried specimen housed in a museum or herbarium which is designated by the person who originally named the species of by a subsequent author |
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Term
In what circumstance would a species have a three part name? |
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Definition
if there are different varieties in a species |
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Term
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Definition
a taxonomic group at any level |
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Term
What are examples of categories? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the earliest plant classifications based on? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between artificial systems and natural classifications? |
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Definition
artificial systems classify organisms primarly to aid in identification by means of one or fewer characters natural classifications are informative, useful, and provide insight into evolutionary relationships among organisms |
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Term
What is a monophyletic group? What is is also known as? |
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Definition
a group composed of an ancestor and all its descendents (a clade) |
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Term
| What are paraphyletic taxa composed of? |
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Definition
a common ancestor but not all of its descendants |
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Term
Explain the concept of a molecular clock. |
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Definition
the rate at which proteins shared by groups of organisms changed over time as an indication of when those groups diverged from a common ancestor |
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Term
Of the three domains, which two are the closest relatives? |
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Definition
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Term
What does the rbcL gene do and why is it significant? |
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Definition
The rbcL gene codes for the larch subunit of the Rubisco enzyme of the Calvin cycle has been studied to create a phylogeny |
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Term
What is the serial endosymbiotic theory? |
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Definition
the concept for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplastswith the prokaryotic ancestors of mitochondria and chloroplasts as endosymbionts |
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Term
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Definition
an organism that lives within another, disimilar organism |
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Term
In general, what are fungi? |
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Definition
nonmotile, filamentous eukaryotes that lack plastids and photosynthetic pigments and absorb their nutrients from either dead or living organisms |
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Term
Are fungi more closely related to animals or plants? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the three phyla of bryophytes? |
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Definition
mosses liverworts hornworts |
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Term
How many extant phyla in the Kingdom Plantae are there? |
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Definition
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Term
How many cells is a female gametophyte made up of in flowering plants? |
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Definition
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Term
How many cells is a male gametophyte made up of in flowering plants? |
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Definition
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