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Details Title: Bonding Key Terms Description: Ch 6 Key Terms Total Flash Cards: 42 Created: 03/19/2004 06:11:45	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term chemical bond Definition a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together. Term covalent bonding Definition results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms. Term ionic bonding Definition chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions. Term nonpolar-covalent bond Definition a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge. Term polar Definition has an uneven distribution of charge. Term polar-covalent bond Definition covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for shared electrons. Term molecule Definition neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds. Term molecular compound Definition chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules Term chemical formula Definition indicates the relative numbers of atoms in each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts. Term molecular formula Definition shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound. Term diatomic molecule Definition molecule conataining only two atoms Term bond length Definition distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between two bonded atoms. Term bond energy Definition energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms. Term octet rule Definition chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level. Term electron-dot notation Definition an electron-configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the elements symbol. Term unshared pair and lone pair Definition pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom. Term Lewis Structures Definition formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner- shell electrons, dot-pairs, or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons. Term structural formula Definition indicates the kind, number, arragement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a molecule. Term single bond Definition is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms. Term double bond Definition a covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms. Term triple bond Definition a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms. Term multiple bonds Definition double and triple bonds. Term resonance Definition bonding in molecules or ions that can not be corrctly represented by a single Lewis Structure. Term ionic compound Definition composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal. Term formula unit Definition the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionics compounds formula can be established. Term lattice energy Definition the energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseousions. Term polyatomic ions Definition a charged group of covalently bonded atoms. Term metallic bonding Definition the chemical bonding that reults from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons. Term malleability Definition ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets. Term ductility Definition ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire. Term molecular polarity Definition uneven distribution of molecular charge. Term VSEPR theory Definition states that repulsion between the sets of valence-level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be oriented as far apart as possible. Term hybridization Definition mixing of two or more atomic orbitals of similar energy's on the same atom to produce new orbitals of equal energies. Term Hybrid orbitals Definition orbitals of equal energy produced by the combination of two or more orbitals on the same atom. Term intermolecular forces Definition forces of attraction between molecules. Term dipole Definition created by equal but opposite charges that are seperated by a short distance. Term dipole-dipole forces Definition forces of attraction between polar molecules Term hydrogen bonding Definition the intramolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a hearby molecule. Term London dipersion forces Definition the intramolecular attractions resulting from the constant motion of electrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles. Term Intramolecular forces Definition The forces of attraction within individual molecules. Term Within Definition Intra Term Between Definition Inter