Term
| Body water balance concentration is maintained by adjusting the loss of ______ with what hormone? |
|
Definition
Water
ADH (post. pituitary) |
|
|
Term
| Body Osomlarity is the same in the ______ and _____ compartments because water moves freely across CELL MEMBRANES. |
|
Definition
Extracellular
Intracellular |
|
|
Term
Osmolarity is mOsm/ ___
Osmolality is mOsm/___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the body sense a water imbalance? |
|
Definition
| Hypothalamic osmoreceptors |
|
|
Term
| What does LOW specific gravity of urine indicate about fluid balance status? |
|
Definition
| WATER EXCESS, there is a DIRECT relationship btw SG of urine and vascular osmolarity. |
|
|
Term
| Water Excess if correlated to a poor prognosis. What are the Sr NA lab values for osmolarity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some causes of water excess? |
|
Definition
- Excessive water intake
- ECF Deficit
- SSRI use in older adults (ADH secretion)
- SIADH -- ADH secreted in excess |
|
|
Term
| Severe and prolonged ____ deficit can cause a water EXCESS, causing an increase in secretion of what hormone? |
|
Definition
ECF deficit can cause a water EXCESS
ADH |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat an ECF deficit related water excess? |
|
Definition
| Give ECF, the body will decrease ADH and secrete the excess water. |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat mild Water Excess? |
|
Definition
| Water restriction of 500-1000mL/Day |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat EMERGENCY water excess? |
|
Definition
- Administer bolus hypertonic saline WITH anti diuretic
- OR SIADH-- demeclocycline, urea |
|
|
Term
| How can ECF deficit cause water excess? |
|
Definition
| Prolonged ECF deficit can trigger ADH secretion which is NOT efficient and retains too much water. |
|
|
Term
| Treat a water excess SLOWLY. Recommended increase in Sr Na is ______. |
|
Definition
- 0.5 mmol/L/hr
- ADH receptor antagonist |
|
|
Term
| What are the Sr Na and Sr Osml values of a water deficit? |
|
Definition
Na > 145 mg/dL
Osmo >300 momol/L |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat water deficit? |
|
Definition
| D5W at <0.5 mmol/L/hr or 12 mmol/24hr |
|
|
Term
| Because CNS cells take hours to days to adapt to osmolar changes a slow rate of correction of imbalance is imperative. The Management of _____ must match ____ . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In water excess, as Na goes down LOC goes ____ . |
|
Definition
| DOWN. DIRECT correlation. |
|
|
Term
| In water deficit, as sr Na goes UP, LOC goes ____ . |
|
Definition
|
|
