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Body System
Body System
34
Science
7th Grade
09/26/2023

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Term
Atoms
Definition
The basic unit of a chemical element
Term
Molecules
Definition
Made of one or more atoms bonded (stuck) together
Term
Cells
Definition
Smallest functional unit of life.  All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Term
Tissues
Definition
Make up the second level of organisation.  They are formed by joining of the cells that have similar function or structure.
Term
Organs
Definition
A group of tissues that preform a specific function.
Term
Organ System
Definition
A collection of organs that work together to perform a specific function.
Term
Organism
Definition
A living thing that's able to perform simple acts of survival
Term
Digestive System
Definition
A group of organs working together to turn food in nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair.
Term
Mouth
Definition
The beginning of the digestive system, where physical and chemical changes occur to food.
Term
Pharynx (Throat)
Definition
Passage from nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus that is part of the digestive and respiratory system.
Term
Esophagus
Definition
Muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach that uses peristalsis to move food.
Term
Stomach
Definition
J-shaped muscular sac-like organ that stores food and grinds and mixes it into a liquid containing hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes.
Term
Small Intestine
Definition
Long tube about 1 inch in diameter 20 feet long that absorbs nutrients and transfers those nutrients into the blood stream.
Term
Large intestine (colon)
Definition
thick tube 2 1/2 inches in diameter and about 5 feet long that absorbs  nutrients and water into the blood stream. it also processes waste so that it is easer to defecate.
Term
rectum
Definition
The final function of the digestive system that receives stool from the colon and holds stool until it is evacuated.
Term
peristalsis
Definition
small muscle control creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
Term
Respiration
Definition
a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of the carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances.
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
A flap of elastic cartilage attached to the larynx that closes when food passes by
Term
Heart
Definition
The primary organ of the circulatory system
Term
Artery
Definition
Carries oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to the body.
Term
Vein
Definition
Carries carbon dioxide and waste towards the heart
Term
Capillaries
Definition
Very tiny blood vessels connecting arteries and veins.
Term
Valve
Definition
Control the flow of blood through the heart by opening and closing during contractions
Term
Lungs
Definition
Primary organ of the Respiratory System that take in oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide.
Term
Larynx
Definition
Hollow muscular organ which holds the vocal chords (Voice Box) which produces sound
Term
Trachea
Definition
A hollow tube (wind pipe) that connect the larynx to the right and left of the bronchus
Term
Alveoli
Definition
The air sacks at the end of the bronchioles where the gas exchanges takes place (oxygen in the carbon dioxide out)
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
A sheet of internal skeletal muscle that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity (heart\lungs) that pulls and pushes against the lungs as we inhale and exhale.
Term
Respiration
Definition
a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide of complex organic substances.
Term
Pharynx (throat)
Definition
The passage that leads from the cavities of the nose and mouth to the larynx
Term
Muscular Tissue
Definition
Brings about movement
Term
Epithelial Tissue
Definition
Forms a protective layer both inside and on body surface.
Term
Connective Tissue
Definition
Supports and connects tissues and acts as a transport system
Term
Nervous Tissue
Definition
Conducts electrical or nerve impulses to and from the Central nervous system by means of neurons.
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