Term
| Abnormal distance between the medial canthus of the eyelids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| turning inward of eyelashes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which nerve opens the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which nerve closes the eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main retractor of the eyelid? |
|
Definition
| Superior palpebral levator muscle. Widens upper eyelid by 15mm |
|
|
Term
| What is the minor retractor of the upper eyelid? And what is its innervation? |
|
Definition
Muscle of Muller (widens palpebral fissure by 2-3mm)
innervated by SNS - Alpha 2 receptors |
|
|
Term
| what glands does the tarsal plate enclose? |
|
Definition
| MG = sebaceous glands are located posterior to the eyelashes |
|
|
Term
PALPEBRAL CONJUNCTIVA:
stratified epithelial layer |
|
Definition
- outer protective layer that extends into the fornices and onto the bulbar conjunctiva
- contains globet cells |
|
|
Term
PALPEBRAL CONJUNCTIVA:
submucosa layer |
|
Definition
| loose vascularize CT composed of superficial lymphoid layer and deeper fibrous layer |
|
|
Term
PALPEBRAL CONJUNCTIVA:
submucosa layer (outer lymphoid layer) |
|
Definition
| very immunologically active layer. contains IgA, macrophages, mast cells, PMNs, and eosinophils |
|
|
Term
PALPEBRAL CONJUNCTIVA:
submucosa layer - deeper fibrous layer |
|
Definition
| contains accessory lacrimal glands, nerves, bvs. becomes continuous with the dense CT of the tarsal plate |
|
|
Term
| lateral lymphatics drain into the ______ |
|
Definition
| Parotid (preauricular lymph nodes) |
|
|
Term
| Medial lymphatics drain into the _____ |
|
Definition
| submandibular lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| lymphatic vessels are found in the ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dimensions of the canaliculi |
|
Definition
10mm tube long
vertically 2mm
then 8mm medially before joins as one canaliculus into the lacrimal sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located at end of nasolacrimal duct. Prevents backflo of nasal fluids into the lacrimal drainage system |
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit.
What is in the...
Optic Canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit
What is in the...
Carotid canal |
|
Definition
internal carotid A.
Sypathetic plexus |
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit
What is in the...
Supraorbital foramen |
|
Definition
| Supraorbital N. (part of VI) and vessels |
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit
What is in the...
Infraorbital Formaen |
|
Definition
| infraorbital N. (part of V2) and vessels |
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit
What is in the...
Mandibular Foramen |
|
Definition
| inferior alveolar N. and vessel |
|
|
Term
Foramens and Openings of the Orbit
What is in the...
Stylomastoid foramen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What comprises the lateral wall of the orbit? |
|
Definition
| Greater wing and the Zygomatic bone |
|
|
Term
| Where is the optic canal located? |
|
Definition
| Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone |
|
|
Term
| Bones that comprise the floor of the orbit are the most common type of orbital wall fractures. What are these bones? |
|
Definition
"My Pal gets his Z's on the Floor"
Maxillary
Palatine
Zygomatic |
|
|
Term
BONES OF THE ORBIT
What are the contents of the Roof? |
|
Definition
- Made of frontal bone and lesser wing of the sphenoid
- Frontal bone makes up the majority of the roof
- lacrimal gland
- levator muscle slightly above the superior rectus muscle |
|
|
Term
BONES OF THE ORBIT
What are the contents of the Floor? |
|
Definition
- Maxillary, Palatine, Zygomatic bones
- maxillary bone comprises of the majority of the orbital florr
- infraorbital nerve runs along the infraorbital groove of the floor |
|
|
Term
BONES OF THE ORBIT
What are the contents of the Medial Wall? |
|
Definition
| - Ethmoid, Lacrimal, Maxilla, Body of the sphenoid |
|
|
Term
BONES OF THE ORBIT
What are the content of the Lateral Wall? |
|
Definition
| -Zygomatic bone, Greater Wing of the Sphenoid, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| term synonymous for the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone |
|
|
Term
radius of curvature of central cornea for
1) anterior surface
2) posterior surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bowmans layer contains Type ___ Collagen Fibrils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stroma consists of ___% of cornea. It is composed of Three Important things. name them. |
|
Definition
| 90%/Keartocytes, Collagen Fibrils, Ground Substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hydrophilic, negatively charged carbohydrates that attract water to create precise spacing between the lamellae. |
|
|
Term
CONJUNCTIVA
Bulbar conjunctiva
1) stratified epithelial layer
2) submocosa |
|
Definition
Two Layers:
stratified epithelial layer - continuous witht he corneal epithelial. Superficial cells have microvilli and globet cells and their cytoplasm contains melanin granules
2) submucosa: CT stromal layer, like corneal stroma |
|
|
Term
| Conjunctival Blood Supply |
|
Definition
Peripheral arcades: supply palpebral and fornicel portions
Anterior ciliary arteries: supply bulbar conjunctiva |
|
|
Term
| Conjunctival sensory innervation |
|
Definition
LPCA: innervates bulbar conj.
V1 and V2: innervated palp conj. |
|
|
Term
| Conjunctival sensory innervation |
|
Definition
LPCA: innervates bulbar conj.
V1 and V2: innervated palp conj. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| could signify disease such as CT disorder like Osteogenesis Imperfecta or Ehler's Danlos syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| could signify disease such as CT disorder like Osteogenesis Imperfecta or Ehler's Danlos syndrome |
|
|
Term
Sclera
1)thinnest area
2)weakest area
3)thickest area |
|
Definition
1)0.30mm - under recti tendons - clinically relevant in strab SX to avoid inadvertent globe penetration
2)lamina cubrosa posteriorly
3)1.0mm - at posterior pole |
|
|
Term
Histological and Anatomical changes at the Limbus
Name 2 things |
|
Definition
1)Limbal epi contians 10 cell layers compared to the 5 layers of corneal epi
2) Bowmans and Descemets layers terminate. Descemets becomes Schwalbe's line. Conjunctival stroma, episclera, and Tenon's capsule begin |
|
|
Term
| The TM has 2 divisions: Name them |
|
Definition
1)Corneoscleral meshwork: division that lies closer tot he anterior chamber. Has sheets that run from the cornea to the scleral spr
2)Juxtacanalicular (JXT) or Cribiform layer: the outer TM division that lies closest to Schlems canal. JXT offers the most resistance to AQ flow |
|
|
Term
| Route of AQ flow via Schelmm's canal |
|
Definition
| Corneoscleral meshwork --> JXT --> SC --> external collecter channels --> Deep scleral venous plexus--> intrascleral veins --> low pressure EPISCELRAL VEINS --> Anterior Ciliary Veins --> Muscular Veins --> Sup/Inf Ophthalmic Veins |
|
|
Term
| Aqueous flow via the Uveascleral Meshwork |
|
Definition
-small amount of AQ flow (5-35%)
AQ --> Uveoscleral meshwork --> connective tissue spaces surround the ciliary muscle bundles --> suprachoroidal space --> anterior ciliary veins and vortex veins and suprachoroidal collector channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Episclera
Stroma
Lamina Fusca |
|
|
Term
| Which layer of the sclera contains capillary network and is susceptible to inflammation of CB or iris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which layer of sclera has interwoven collagen fibrils (interwoven randomly and irregularly)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which layer of the sclera contains thin, dark accumulation of melanocytes? |
|
Definition
| Lamina fusca = inner layer of sclera |
|
|
Term
CB
Divide CB into two parts |
|
Definition
1) Pars Plicata
2) Pars Plana |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anterior 1/3
the non-pigmented CB epithelium is responsible for secretion of AQ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
posterior 2/3
responsible for producing the lens zonular fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region between ciliary processes in the pars plicata region |
|
|
Term
| Major arterial circle of the iris formed by... |
|
Definition
| anastamoses between LPCA and Anterior Ciliary Artery |
|
|
Term
| Where does AQ humor come from? |
|
Definition
| The blood stream - via fenestrated capillaries of the Major Arterial Circle of the Iris |
|
|
Term
Continue the next steps in this anatomy from IRIS --> CB --> RETINA
1) Anterior Iris Epithelium
2) Posterior Iris Epithelium |
|
Definition
1) Anterior Iris Epithelium --> Pigmented CB epithelium --> RPE
2) Posterior Iris Epithelium --> Unpigmented CB epithelium --> ora serrata --> sensory retina |
|
|
Term
| nerve is responsible for ant 2/3 taste |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nerve that is responsible for post 1/3 taste |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In a CN X palsy, the uvula deviates ____ from the side of lesion.
In a CN XII palsy, the tongue will deviation ______ the side of the lesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the orbital septum is attaches medially to the posterior lacrimal crest. The lacrimal sac is anterior to this attachment. This means that the orbital septurm does NOT proctect the lacrimal sac from infection |
|
|
Term
Complete the blank:
Ptosis caused by ______ affects _____ (LPS/Muller's) muscle
1) Horners
2) Graves
3) 3rd Nerve Palsy
|
|
Definition
1) Mullers - due to alpha 2 SNS innervation
2) Mullers - same reasoning
3) LPS - because is a subnuclei of 3rd nerve nuclues |
|
|
Term
CN _____ opens the eye
CN ____ closes the eye
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation (can be due to viral or infection) of the lacrimal gland.
- Will see bump on upper lateral eyelid, where the lacrimal gland is located!
- Common complaint: reduced tearing on the ipsilateral side
- Usually as a result of nasolacrimal duct obstruction |
|
|
Term
| Corneal blood supply. Name the 3 |
|
Definition
cornea is avascular. Get its supply from:
1) diffusion from the aqueous humor
2) limbal conj and episcleral cappillary networks
3) palpebral conjunctiva |
|
|
Term
| There are NO CORNEAL NERVES in which corneal layers? |
|
Definition
| Descemets or the Endothelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| VI, anterior ciliary nerves, LPCN, SPCN. Enter mid-stroma and then pierces thru Bowmans and enter the epi where they become highly sensitive "naked" nerves bc they lose their meylin sheath pas the stroma |
|
|
Term
| Lens capsule is thickest at ____ and thinnest at ______ |
|
Definition
| anterior midperipheral.posterior pole |
|
|
Term
| If there was Increased IOP, which area of the sclera would most likely be damaged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Layers from posterior to anterior of eye |
|
Definition
| sclera, epislera, tenon's capsule, conjunctival stroma, conjunctival epithelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in the limbus. Comprised of limbal epithelium and stroma and project onto the cornea. Corneal stem cells (destined to become basal cells) originate from pallisades of vogt |
|
|
Term
| Where is the iris thickest? thinnest? |
|
Definition
| Collarette region/ iris room |
|
|
