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| endogenous dsRNA that is encoded by micro RNA gene. It usually is 70nt in length and forms hairpin structure and is processed by Dicer to mature into 21-23nt |
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| member of ribonuclease II family, within RISC, that cleaves pre-miRNA, shRNA, dsRNA into 21-23nt dsRNA fragment with 2nt overhang at 3'end (making siRNA) |
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| posttransCRIPtional gene silencing |
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| RNA-induced silencing complex, consists of dicer, guide strand and AGO2 |
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| argonate 2, member of argonate family; resides within RISC and cleaves target mRNA in siRNA mechanism |
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| Antisense oligonucleotides |
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| short synthetic SINGLE stranded DNA, RNA or their analogues that selectively hybridizes (via watson-crick base pairing) to compliment sequences in target DNA, mRNA or pre-mRNA |
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| single-stranded RNA or DNA that bind to molecular targets with high-affinity due to stable three-dimensional structures |
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| SELEX; systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment |
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| process of aptamer selection |
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| Pegaptanib sodium (Macugen) |
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| FDA approved aptamer with VEGF target |
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| anti-miRNA (miR-122 target) in phase IIa studies for HCV |
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| catalytic RNAs that function as enzymes that catalyze RNA cleavage and ligation reactions |
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| CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) |
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| synthetic oligos containing unmethylated motifs that activate Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) |
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| very little B cell activation, strong pDC IFN-alpha secretion and moderate expression of costimulatory molecules |
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| Strong B cell proliferation and differentiation, induces pDC expression of costimulatory molecules and modest IFN-alpha secretion |
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| Strong B cell proliferation and differentiation, induces pDC INF-alpha secretion and expression of costimulatory molecules |
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