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Biosci
Nutrition I/II, GI Tract
16
Biology
Professional
02/16/2009

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Term
Three phases of aerobic respiration
Definition
1. Mobilization of Acetyl-CoA: produce Acetyl CoA to feed into TCA cycle
2. TCA cycle: generate electrons
3. Electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation: transport releases energy stored in ATP; electrons reduce O2 to H2O
Term
Reduction
Definition
Gain electrons (LEO goes GER)
Term
Oxidation
Definition
Loss electrons (LEO goes GER)
Term
Oxidation
Definition
Loss electrons (LEO goes GER)
Term
Nernst Equation
Definition
E = Eo +(RT/nF)ln(e- acceptor/e- donor)
Term
E = Eo
Definition
Point of 50% oxidation/reduction; at this point [e- acceptor] = [e- donor] so in Nernst, get ln(1) = 0, therefore E = Eo
Term
Pyridine-linked dehydrogenases
Definition
Redox enzyme: NAD, NADP coenzyme. Can exist in oxidized OR reduced state.

Reduced substrate(donate e- to) + NAD+ --> oxidized substrate + NADH + H+
Term
Flavin-linked dehydrogenases
Definition
Redox enzymes: FAD, FMN coenzymes. Similar mechanism to pyridine-linked, but with FAD or FMN instead. Funnel e- down chain - energy released is stored as ATP
Term
Cytochromes
Definition
redox enzyme: Fe-porphyrin ring system
Term
Absorption spectra
Definition
Different spectra for substrates in reduced versus oxidized states - advantageous because can be monitored noninvasively
Term
NAD-linked dehydrogenases
Definition
function in respiration: transfer e- from substrates to O2 to generate energy
Term
NADP-linked dehydrogenases
Definition
transfer e- from substrates generated during catabolism to reductive biosynthetic rxns
Term
Redox enzyme often containing divalent cation cofactors
Definition
Pyridine-linked dehydrogenases. ie alcohol dehydrogenase has Zn2+
Term
Cytochromes
Definition
based on porphin structure; conjugated pi system, so e- delocalized and can move around; best for light absorption
Term
Hemochrome
Definition
iron in center, 4 N in square planar arrangement around Fe, two other things bound above and below Fe (usually aa representing protein)
Term
Heme A
Definition
cytochrome is able to transfer e- because structure allows Fe to function as either Fe2+ or Fe3+
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