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Biology Vertebrates
Pre ap biology
23
Biology
9th Grade
05/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Class: Aves (What does it contain?)
Definition
Birds
Term
Birds evolved from?
Definition
reptiles
Term
Scales and amniotic eggs are characterictis of which class(es)?
Definition
reptilia, and aves
Term
ancestor of birds?
Definition
archaeopteryx
Term
what are aves adaptions for flight?
Definition
front limbs modified for wings, honeycombed bone (hollow & filled with air for flying) and feathers with modified scales made of keratin (same as reptiles)
Term
how many ovaries do birds have?
Definition
one
Term
are birds endo- or exo- thermic?
Definition
endothermic
Term
how many chambers does a birds heart have?
Definition
4
Term
what are birds hind limbs adapted for?
Definition
perching, hopping, swimming, ect
Term
Birds are_____. instead they have jaws covered by a horny___.
Definition
toothless, beak
Term
Describe a birds digestion.
Definition
Food is stored in the crop before moving to the 1st chamber (proventriculus) where food is mixed and then to the 2nd chamber(gizzard) where food is ground
Term
Where is waste excreted from in a bird?
Definition
cloaca
Term
Discribe the respiration of birds.
Definition
Air passes through the trachea into a pair of tubes called bronchi, which lead to lungs. Much of the inhaled air travels into air sacs (cavities filled with air that make bird lighter).
Term
what do birds use to make calls?
Definition
syrinx
Term
what are the 3 major brain areas?
Definition
Cerebellum: controls flying and walking;
Midbrain tectum: (optic lobes) for vision;
Cerebrum: control center for complex patterns of behavior (eating, mating, nest building, care of young), learning, and voluntary muscles.
Term
Feathers grow from small sacs in skin called ________
Definition
follicles
Term
The ___________ is central cylinder running length of feather
Definition
rachis
Term
The hollow section of the rachis is the ____________.
Definition
quill.
Term
________, the branches of rachis, are linked together by small lateral projections called _____________
Definition
Barbs,barbules
Term
Several barbs hooked together by barbules form a ________
Definition
vane
Term
__________located at the base of the tail; secretes oil that birds spread over their feathers for waterproofing
Definition
Preen gland
Term
what are the 4 types of feathers?
Definition
Contour: smooth, sleek feathers that cover the head, body, and wings. They protect and streamline bird. Contour feathers of wing and tail are large and called quill feathers.
Down: soft, fluffy feathers found under contour feathers. They insulate the newly hatched bird. They do not have rachis and barbules (lack hooks).
Filoplumes/Pin: short, thin feathers that look like hair and give added insulation.
Bristles: short and hair-like; located near the bird’s nostril and filter dust.
Term
what is the process that birds go through to be born?
Definition
Internal fertilization.
Sperm pass through vas deferens.
After mating, fertilized eggs enters oviduct which leads to cloaca.
As eggs travel through oviduct they pick up albumin, protein that makes up egg white. Later eggs covered by shell (amniotic egg) and then leave cloaca.
Chick uses egg tooth to hatch its way out of egg and then loses egg tooth after few days.
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