Term
| Name the three golgi names? |
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Definition
| Golgi Complex, Golgi Body and Golgi Apparatus. |
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Term
| Singular form of Mitochondria |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- The site where proteins are made by linking amino acids together.
-Usually attached to ER
- Has a surrounding membrane
- Stay in cytoplasm when they are not making protein |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| All living things are made up of cells and the products of cells. Plus all cells also come from re-existing cells. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Not made up of cells but products of cells.
- Needs host cell to replicate
- Very Small
- Abiotic but can live with a host cell
- Piece of protein covered in DNA |
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Term
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Definition
- Primitive
- Mainly found in bacteria
- Single cells
- No membrane bound organelles
- Surrounded by cell wall
- Have cytoplasm, ribosomes and genetic material
- Not well structured
- Contain flagellin
- Cicilia around the cell
- No cell wall
- 0.1μm - 10μm |
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Term
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Definition
| The centre of the cell that contains all genetic information. It also contains the nucleolus and controls the function of all other organelles in the cell. It is also a spherical structure, surrounded by it's own membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
- Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Chemical that makes up the genetic codes
- Double Stranded
- Made up of sugar and phosphate molecules
- Double helix shape (Twisted Ladder)
- The rungs connecting one strand to the other are nitrogen bases
- Each rung has two bases linked together
- Has 46 chromosones with 23 pairs
- (X.X) for female or (X.Y) for male |
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Term
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Definition
- 22 homologous (non-sex) pairs and 1 sex chromosone
- The sex chromosone pair is either (X,X) for female and (X,Y) for male. |
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Term
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Definition
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guamine (G)
Cytosine (C) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Containing complete messages
- Genetic code (G,C,T,A)
- Provide information for all cellular functions
- Control production of proteins
- Humans have between 25,000 - 42,000 genes |
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Term
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Definition
| The point of a chromosone were it is attached to a spindle fibre |
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Term
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Definition
| A microtube of a cytoskeleton |
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Definition
Organism
System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Nucleus
Chromosone
DNA
Gene (Contains Genetic code in DNA) |
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Term
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Definition
- Ribosenucleic
- Single Stranded |
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Term
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Definition
| We have 20 different amino acids but they are made up of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| - Clear and found in plant cells only. - Storage for glucose. |
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Term
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Definition
- Makes up most of the cell wall
- Polysaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
- Complex
- Starch
- Glycogen
- Cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
- Single Sugars
- e.g. Glucose |
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Definition
- Double Sugars
- e.g. Sucrose |
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Term
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Definition
| When cells split into two cells. |
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Term
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Definition
- Micrometre
- One millionith of a metre
- One thousandth of a millimetre |
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Definition
- Nanometre
- Billionth of a metre
- 10,000th of a millimetre
- Tenth of a micrometre |
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Term
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Definition
- Golgi Body, Golgi Apparatus or the Golgi Complex
- Membrane-bound structure that is the site of storgae and packaging of materials for vesicles to transport in and out of cells
- Vesicles are membrane-bound structure that export material out of cells
- When vesicles go to the edge of the cell the send out the materials |
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Term
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Definition
- Complex and organsed cells that function well
- Have several membranes that cover each compartment in the cell such as organelles and a nucleus
- Examples are animals, plants or fungi
- Cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
- Outer covering, protective layer around a cell
- For cells with cell walls the membrane is inside
- Semi-Selectively Permible (Substances are able to get in and out) |
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Term
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Definition
- Lies outside the cell membrane
- Provides greater support and strength
- Protects the cell
- Gives shape |
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Term
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Definition
- Semi-transparent fluid of the cell (gellitin like) that makes up the cytoplasm
- Cytoplasm includes all organelles and the cytoplasm is the site of cellular activities.
- Inside cell membrane
- Cytoplasm flowing lets nutrients pass throughout the cell |
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Term
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Definition
- Scaffolding - Gives structure in the cytoplasm
- Helps the cell maintain or change is shape
- Made of protein and microtubes |
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Term
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Definition
- Inner membrane is highly folded and called cristae
- Uses cellular respiration which turns glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and energy
- Produces energy for the cell
- Muscle cells can use over 20,000 mitochondria |
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Term
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Definition
- The site where proteins are made by linking amino acids together
- Usually attacher to (ER) or floating freely in the cytosol
- Makes proteins
- Stays in the cytoplasm when they don't make proteins
- Have a surrounding membrane |
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Term
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Definition
- Transports substances within cells (conveyor belt like)
- A series of folded membrane-bound channels
- Smooth ER transports Lipids (fats / oils)
- Rough ER transports proteins |
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Term
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Definition
- Transports substances within cells (conveyor belt like)
- A series of folded membrane-bound channels
- Smooth ER transports Lipids (fats / oils)
- Rough ER transports proteins |
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Term
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Definition
- Mainly found in plant cells and they are big
- Rare in animal cells and if so they are small
- Membrane-bound structure that stores water, minerals, food or waste.
- Tempory storage space
- Can contract to expel and excess water
- Vacuole pushs products and organelles to the edge of the plant cell |
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Term
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Definition
- Contains chlorophyll (A green pigment)
- Found only in plant cells
- Membrane-bound structure that can capture sunlight and prefrom photosynthesis
- During photosynthesis chloroplasts convert carbon dioxide and water to energy and sugar |
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Term
| Difference between plant and animal cells |
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Definition
- Cell wall in plant cell
- More mitochondria in an animal cell
- Vacuole and chloroplast in plant cells only
- Plant cells are bigger (slightly) |
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Term
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Definition
| Opens and closes to let materials in and out of the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| Membrane the surrounds the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
- Membrane bound
- An organelle that contains powerful digestive enzymes that can break down materials. They are like the digestive system of a cell.
- Spherical |
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Term
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Definition
- Found in plant cells
- Chromoplasts contain a pigment (colour)
- Leucoplasts contain food (Mostly Grains) |
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Term
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Definition
- Help cell movement
- Are like whips |
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Term
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Definition
- Help cell movement
- Hair-like and are found in the lungs and in your nose. |
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Term
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Definition
- Organise and control microtubes in a cell
- Are involved in also the separation of chromosones during cell division (mitosis) |
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Term
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Definition
- Solid, contractable proteins
- When they contract, the cell changes it's shape. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Starch granule store energy molecules. When a plant cell synthesises glucose it turns to starch and is stored in the starch granule. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hole in the nuclear membrane |
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Term
| What is every part of an animal cell? |
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Definition
- Nucleus
- Cell Membrane / Plasma Membrane
- Nuclear Membrane
- Nuclear Pore
- Nucleolus
- Cytoskeleton
- Cytoplasm
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Vacoule (Small)
- Ribosomes
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Cilia |
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Term
| What is every part of a plant cell? |
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Definition
- Cell Wall
- Cell Membrane
- Vacoule (Large)
- Nuclear Membrane
- Nuclear Pore
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Chloroplast
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- Ribosomes
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Centrosomes
- Amyloplast
- Starch Granule
- Plastids (Chromoplasts and Leucoplasts) |
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Term
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Definition
| - An organelle near the nucleus that contains centrioles |
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Term
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Definition
- Transform glucose from the chloroplasts into starch
- They also store the starch granules |
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Term
| What isn found in a plant cell but is not found in a animal cell? |
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Definition
- Cell Wall
- Chloroplasts
- Large Vacuole (Animal Cells do have small vacuoles though)
- Plastids (Chromoplasts and Leucoplasts) |
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Term
| What is found in an animal cell but not a plant cell? |
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Definition
- Lysosomes
- Centrioles
- Cilia (Rare) |
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