Term
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Definition
| releases oxytocin → stimulates uterine muscle contraction during childbirth, release of milk by mammary glands |
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Term
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Definition
releases gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRh) which stimulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) → egg and sperm production, sex hormone production
releases Prolactin → Milk production |
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Definition
| releases sex hormones → stimulates reproductive organs and brings about sex characteristics |
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Definition
| releases androgens (testosterone) → stimulate male sex characteristics |
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Definition
| releases estrogen and progesterone → stimulates female characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| the negative feedback system |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete products into ducts for transport to body cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete hormones into bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| releases hypothalamic-releasing and inhibiting hormones → regulates anterior pituitary hormones. |
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Term
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Definition
chemical signals that act at a distance between individuals
armpit secretions can effect menstrual cycle |
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Term
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Definition
• Determines maleness (presence of SRY on Y chromosome= male)
• Codes for transcription factor producing various proteins that bring about male feautres
• There is no gene that determines femaleness |
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Term
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Definition
• Upsets normal hormonal balance (negative feedback system)
• Men: stops the production of testosterone by testes
o Even when stop taking steroids hypothalamus doesn’t correct error
o Have: decreased sperm count, sexual desire d/t atrophy of testes, enlarged prostate and breast growth
• Women: enlarged clitoris among other male characteristics
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Term
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Definition
| o Testes (suspended w/in sacs of scrotum): produce sperm |
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Term
| Accessory male sex organs |
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Definition
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Prostate gland
Bulb urethral gland
Seminal vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
o Slightly basic
o Contain prostaglandins: cause uterus to contract propelling semen toward egg. |
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Term
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Definition
produce sperm
Begin development in pelvic cavity- descend in last 2 weeks of fetal development
• Don’t drop = infertile b/c internal body temp = too warm to produce sperm
• During sex testes are pulled upward so higher body temp can warm the testes |
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Term
| primary female sex organs: |
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Definition
| Ovaries: produce eggs and estrogen and progesterone |
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Term
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Definition
contain cells undergoing spermatogenesis (production of sperm)
• Germ cells: involved in spermatogenesis
• Sertoli cells: support, nourish, regulate development of cells undergoing spermatogenesis |
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Term
| accessory female sex organs |
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Definition
Fallopian tubes
Vagina
Uterus
Cervix |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
stores sperm for maturation |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
transports sperm |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
enters urethra
formed by seminal vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
donut-shaped gland
surrounds the upper portion of the urethra
contributes basic fluid to semen |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
pea-sized organs on either side of urethra
contributes mucosal fluid to semen |
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Term
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Definition
male accessory sex organ
contribute nutrients and fluids to semen |
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Term
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Definition
female accessory sex organ
egg enters as exits ovary
moves egg along with fimbriae and beating cilia
location of fertilization
egg gets stuck=ectopic pregnancy=natural abortion |
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Term
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Definition
penis receptor
birth canal, menstrual exit
orifice is closed by hymen |
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Term
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Definition
| recieves fertilized egg a few days after fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| contains opening to uterus |
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Term
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Definition
labia majora
mons pubis
labia minora
clitoris
vestibule |
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Term
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Definition
| large hair covered skin folds |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty prominence underlying pubes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
homologs to penis
has shaft of erectile tissue capped by pea-shaped glands |
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Term
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Definition
contains orifices of urethra and vagina
vestibular glands=bulb urethral glands in males |
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Term
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Definition
part of the menstrual cycle
causes follicular development in ovary (follicular phase) |
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Term
| in the menstrual cycle, the follicle secretes... |
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Definition
| increasing amounts of estrogen |
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Term
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Definition
postive feedback on hypothalamus, so more GnRH is produced so more FSH and LH is produced (LH rises the most)
all this stimulation causes ovulation |
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Term
| during menstruation the low level of sex hormones causes... |
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Definition
| endometrial tissue to disintegrate and blood vessels rupture |
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