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| Discovered Natural Selection |
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the diagram arranged that depicts the original evolutionary track of organisms
1) Explain evolutionary relationships |
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| a group of organisms derived from a single common ancestor |
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| a group of organisms with common characteristics because of common ancestor and fossil history |
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| When two organisms just look alike due to adaptation to the environment. Have no common ancestors |
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an inclusion mistake for a group of organisms with common ancestors and fossil records
EX: Protists |
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| and exclusion mistake for a group of organisms with common ancestors and fossil records |
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| Says that evolution will most likely occur in the simplest way possible. Least number of steps |
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| Microbial communities laid down in layers and are fossilized |
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| Simulated hypotheical conditions present on early earth. Wanted to prove that conditions on early earth could turn inorganic compounds to organic compounds. |
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| the possible precursors to prokaryotic cells. Membrane enclosed, reproduction, metabolism. |
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| Non-living physical and chemical factors in the environment |
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| A polymer of sugars and amino acids present in the plasma membranes of bacteria cells |
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| Bacterial cells with a small layer of peptidoglycan. 3 layers, stains pink or red |
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| bacteria cell walls with a large amount of peptidoglycan. Stains blue or purple |
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Cocci- spherical
Bacillus- rods
Spirillum- spiral shaped |
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Prokaryotic cell structure
5 |
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Definition
1-Smaller than eukaryotic cells
2-DNA is concentrated in the nucleiod without a membrane to separate it from the rest of the cell |
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| sticky projections on the outside of bacterial cells. Usually hollow and sometimes used for exchange of genetic material |
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| Sticky projections on the outside of bacterial cells. Similar to pili. Solid and used to adhere to objects |
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| Sticky outer layer on bacterial cells. Used for protection and to stay in one place. |
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| is an innate behavioral response by an organism to a directional stimulus or gradient of stimulus intensity |
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| inside of bacterial cells usually cyanobacteria. Fill with gas to float, lets out gas to sink. |
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| Long narrow filaments cells, moves like a freight train |
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| cork screw like movement. Spiral shaped bacteria |
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Definition
-Common in prokaryotic cells.
-A DNA molecule that is separate from and can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA.
-Not required by cells |
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| Cyanobacteria. Water is e- source. CO2 is Carbon source |
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| Consumes dead organic matter |
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| cannot use oxygen for growth and are even harmed by it |
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| can grow without oxygen but can utilize oxygen if it is present |
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| Cannot live without oxygen |
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| Nitrogen fixing cells formed by cyanobacteria during nitrogen starvation |
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Light-energy source
CO2- Carbon source
-Photosynthetic prokaryotes |
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Definition
Inorganic molecules- Energy source
CO2- Carbon source
-Certain prokaryotes |
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Definition
Light- energy source
Organic molecules- Carbon source
-certain prokaryotes |
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Organic compounds- energy source
Organic compounds- energy source
-Many prokaryotes |
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Definition
-an ecological group of Archaea
-Forms methane gas
-live at bottom of marshes and swamp, guts of animals |
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-ecological group of Archaea
-love salt water
-have rhodospin (photosynthetic pigment)
-Not photosynthetic because there is no carbon fixation (no calvin cycle) |
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Definition
-ecological group of Archaea
-love high temp. |
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Definition
-gram negative bacteria
- 5 metabolic groups (Alpha, Bet, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon)
-phylum of bacteria |
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Definition
-phylum of bacteria
- Intracellular parasites -usually kills the cell - no peptidoglycan wall |
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-smallest prokaryotic cells
-originally classified as fungi |
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-phylum of bacteria
-aka blue green algae
-has phycolilin as photosynthetic pigment
-can deplete O2, harms fish ect
-thought it have played a part in the oxygen revolution
-contain heterocysts that fix N2 |
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The father of geology but no one could understand his writings
-Gradualism
-Deep time |
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Earth and landforms can change gradually
-James Hutton |
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-Rewrote Hutton's work
-Developed uniformitarianism |
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Definition
-Domain
-Has no nuclear envelope
-no peptidoglycan wall |
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-type of protist
-have lope shaped pseudopods, microtubules dont stiffen cytoplasm |
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| differentation of structure already in a cell |
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-watermolds
-part of stramenopiles
-usually decomposers or parasites |
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