The smallest units of life are

-- mitochondria

-- cells

Cells

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

-- sucrose

-- DNA

Sucrose

All organic compounds contain the element

-- Sodium

-- Carbon

Carbon

Ridding the cell of materials by

discharging the materials in vesicles is called

-- Exocytosis

-- Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Refer to illustration 1

Structure 5 is

--Part of the endoplasmic reticulum

--a Golgi apparatus

A Golgi apparatus

Refer to illustration 1

The cell uses structure 3

-- to produce ATP

-- as a receptor protein

To produce ATP

What would be the blood type of a person who inherited an A allele from one parent and an O allele from the other?

-- Type A

--Type O

Type A

If an individual possesses two recessive alleles for the same trait, the individual is said to be

--homozygous for the trait

-- heterozygous for the trait

Homozygous for the trait

Many autotrophs obtain the energy they need for metabolism through

--Photosynthesis

--fermentation

Photosynthesis

The first three phases of the cell cycle are

collectively known as

-- interphase

--mitosis

Interphase

The process in which plants capture energy and make organic molecules in known as

--homeostasis

--photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

Most of the energy used by life on

Earth comes from

-- The sun

-- the rotation of the earth

The sun

To function most efficiently, a cell must be

-- small

-- large

Small

Homeostasis means

--maintaining a stable internal environment

--a change over long periods of time

Maintaining a stable internal environment

A cell will swell when it is placed in a(n)

--hypotonic solution

--hypertonic solution

Hypotonic Solution

The name of the process that takes place when organic compounds are broken down in the absence of oxygen is 

-- fermentation

-- respiratioin

Fermentation

The chromosomes in your body

-- exist in 23 pairs in all cells but gametes

-- All of the above

All of the above

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called

--anaphase

--metaphase

Metaphase

Refer to illustration 2

The child in box 3 of the Punnett square

has the genotype

-- FF

--Ff

Ff

Refer to illustration 2.

The child represented in box 1 in the

Punnett square would

-- be homozygous for freckles

--be heterozygous

Be homozygous for freckles

Refer to illustration 2

Which box in the Punnett square represents a child who does not have freckles?

-- Box 4

-- Box 3

Box 4

An individual heterozygous for a trait and an

individual homozygous recessive for the trait are crossed and produce many offspring that are

-- all the same phenotype

-- of two different phenotypes

Of two different phenotypes

Refer to illustration 3

 The cell in diagram 1 is in

--anaphase

-- metaphase 

Anaphase

Refer to illustration 3

The cell shown in diagram 5 is in

-- telophase

--prophase

Telophase

The two types of nucleic acids are

-- glucose and glycogen

-- DNA and RNA

DNA and RNA

The packaging and distribution center

of the cell is the

-- nucleus

--Golgi apparatus

Golgi apparatus

A planned procedure to test a hypothesis is called

-- prediction

-- experiment

Experiment

A change in a gene due to damage or being

copied incorrectly is called

-- a mutation

-- evolution

A mutation

All matter is composed of

-- atoms

-- cells

Atoms

Cells produce ATP most efficiently

in the presence of 

-- oxygen

-- carbon dioxide

Oxygen

One difference between prokaryotes

and eukaryotes is that

-- mitochondria are found in larger quantities

in eukaryotes

-- prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

Living things

-- require energy to carry on life processes

-- have the ability of reproduce

--all of the above

All of the above

Biology is the study of

-- energy

-- life

Life

Enzymes

-- are biological catalysts

-- absorb excess heat so that reactions occur

at low temperatures

are biological catalysts

The passing of traits from parents 

to offspring is called

--heredity

--genetics

Heredity

Refer to illustration 4

The device shown, which is used to

determine the probable outcome of genetic

crosses, is call a 

-- Punnett square

--Mendelian box

Punnett Square

Refer to illustration 4

The phenotype of the offspring indicated

by box 3 would be

-- black

-- a mixture of brown and black

Black

Refer to illustration 4

The genotypic ratio of the F1 generation

would be 

-- 1:2:1

-- 3:1

1:2:1

Short, hairlike structures that protrude from

the surface of a cell and are packed in tight

rows are call 

-- cilia

-- flagella

Cilia

Tallness (T) is dominant to shortness (t) in pea plants. Which of the following represents a genotype of a pea plant that is heterozygous

for tallness?

--Tt

-- TT

Tt

A molecule shaped like a spiral staircase

(double helix) is typical of 

-- deoxyribonucleic acid

-- ribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Which of the following is a form

of active transport?

--facilitated diffusion

-- sodium-potassium pump

Sodium-potassium pump

Normal human males develop from

fertilized eggs containing which of the

following sex chromosome?

-- XY

-- XX

XY

Which of the following does not require energy?

-- diffusioin

-- endocytosis

Diffusion

Based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, one can say that the ultimate original source of energy for all living things on earth is

-- carbohydrates

-- the sun

The Sun

The process by which organisms make more of their own kind is called

-- mutation

-- reproduction

Reproduction

Crossing-over occurs

-- during prophase 1

-- during prophase 2

During prophase 1

A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs

a specific function is called a (n)

-- tissue

-- organelle

organelle

Binary fission

-- is the process by which bacteria reproduce

-- creates new species

is the process by which bacteria reproduce

The electrons of an atom

-- occupy the space surrounding the nucleus

--have a positive charge

occupy the space surrounding the nucleus