Term
| What are 6 characteristics of plants? |
|
Definition
-multicellular
-eukaryotic
-photosynthesis (autotrophic)
-descended from protists
-cell wall
-sotmata |
|
|
Term
| What is a cell wall made of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| captures sun energy to make sugars into food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pores that regulate gas exchange |
|
|
Term
| what goes in and out of a stomata? |
|
Definition
| co2 (carbon dioxide) goes in, and releases oxygen |
|
|
Term
| What is the importance of plants? (9 things) |
|
Definition
-beauty
-energy
-oxygen
-supports terrestrial "web of life"
-fiber (clothing)
-building material
-fuel
-medicines
-responsible for diversity of other organisms |
|
|
Term
| What percent of prescription drugs have natural components? (largely plant based) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does terrestrial mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do plants provide energy to the planet? |
|
Definition
| we derive energy from our food |
|
|
Term
| How do plants provide oxygen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of fiber (clothing) do we derive from plants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do plants provide building material? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do plants provide fuel? |
|
Definition
-charcoal from trees
-ethenol from corn and sugar
-wood for fire |
|
|
Term
| What percent of the world still heats and cooks with wood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 plants that are a source for a medical drug? |
|
Definition
-rosy periwinkle
-aloe
-foxglove
-willow
-pacific yew |
|
|
Term
| What drug is rosy periwinkle the source of? |
|
Definition
-vinblastine
-vinchristine
|
|
|
Term
| What is vinblastine and vinchristine used to treat? |
|
Definition
-childhood leukemia
-99% cure rate
|
|
|
Term
| What drug is the plant aloe the source of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is aloe vera used for? |
|
Definition
| -treat burns and skin conditions (dry skin) |
|
|
Term
| What drug is the plant foxglove the source of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the drug digitalis used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is the plant willow the source of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drug is the plant pacific yew the source of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the drug tamoxifin used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the plant pacific yew is used as medicine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an amozonian shaman? |
|
Definition
| person who collects a bunch of plants then takes them down to a river and beats the plants on top of the water and then fish come to the top of the water. |
|
|
Term
Plants appeared on land ______ ago.
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plants represent some of the first ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes are ______ plants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 characteristics of nonvascular plants? |
|
Definition
-no conduction tissue (vascular)
-small in size
-less diverse group |
|
|
Term
| Trachophytes are ___ plants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 characteristics of a vascular plant? |
|
Definition
-tissues that conduct water and nutrients
-allows for larger growth
-more diverse group |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 advantages to terrestrial living? |
|
Definition
-more light availabel (unfiltered by water)
-more reliable supply of nutrients (more concentrated in soil)
-more co2 available (more concentrated in air than in water)
-ability to inhabit land dependent on certain "adaptations" |
|
|
Term
| Certain ___ are necessary. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Evolution and adaptations to land are dependent upon (4 things) |
|
Definition
-waxy cuticle
-ability to absorb and distribute water and nutrients
-fertilization without water
-ability to support weight |
|
|
Term
| Plants are good for fresh air in your home because ____. |
|
Definition
| They break down air pollutants |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 types of air pollutants that could be in anyone's home? |
|
Definition
-allergens
-compounds from paint on walls
-carpet releases toxins
-smoking |
|
|
Term
| Plant diversification fostered ___ diversification. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why didn't terrestrial organisms exist sooner? (2 reasons) |
|
Definition
-lack of ozone layer
-most O2 are a result of photosynthetic aquatic prokaryotes, with enough O2 to create an ozone layer in the atmosphere...terrestrial magic! |
|
|
Term
| Mosses and liverwarts are examples of ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes are ___ in size. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes are small because they _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes have no true ___,___,or____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ attach bryophyes to soil. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In bryophytes, all plant parts are ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes ____ hard surfaces. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bryophytes grow in ____ areas. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 uses of peat moss? |
|
Definition
-Dried and used as fuel
-used in potting soil |
|
|
Term
| True or False-tracheophytes contains seeds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tracheophytes are more ____ and ____ than bryophytes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tracheophytes transport system no longer ____. |
|
Definition
| depends on moisture to move gametes |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 characteristics of xylem? |
|
Definition
-walls of dead cells (xylem tissue)
-carries water and minerals from roots to leaves |
|
|
Term
| Waht are 2 characteristics of phloem? |
|
Definition
-living cells
-carries sugars made in leaves to other plant parts |
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 specialized structures of a plant? |
|
Definition
-roots
-stems
-leaves
-flovers
-fruits
-seeds |
|
|
Term
| What is the job of the roots? |
|
Definition
| Transporting water and attachment to soil |
|
|
Term
| What is the job of the stem? |
|
Definition
| Tubular network system to transport water and nutrients |
|
|
Term
| What is the job of leaves? |
|
Definition
| Primary site for photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
| What is the job for flowers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the job of fruits? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the job os seeds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ferns are an example of ______. |
|
Definition
| seedless vascular plants OR seedless tracheophytes |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 characteristics of ferns? |
|
Definition
-small to large in size
-damp, shady locations
-many tropical
-leaves called "fronds"
-coiled new leaves called "fiddleheads" |
|
|
Term
| The plant that looks like baby bamboo is called _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Horsetails single living genus |
|
|
Term
| The plant horsetail requires a ___ environment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Horsetails have ___, not leaves. |
|
Definition
| Jointed photosynthesis stems. |
|
|
Term
| Horsetails often live in ___ areas. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Horsetails cell walls contain ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 2 divisions of plants with seeds are: ___and___. |
|
Definition
| gymnosperms and angiosperms |
|
|
Term
| gymnosperm or angiosperm-seeds and plants without flowers or fruits. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm or angiosperm-most abundant and widespread |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm or angiosperm-evidence supports that they appeared later in fossil record (most recently introduced) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm of angiosperm-include conifers (evergreens), cycads, and gignkos |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm or angiosperm-seed plants with flowers and fruits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm or angiosperm-extremely diverse group-most diverse group on planet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gymnosperm or angiosperm-began to dominate as earth dried out |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Production of seeds mean ____. |
|
Definition
| it doesn't need water anymore |
|
|
Term
| Seeds are produced through ____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waht 3 things does a seed contain? |
|
Definition
-diploid embryo
-food reserve
-protective coating (seed coat) |
|
|
Term
| What 4 things does the protective coating of a seed do? |
|
Definition
-protects embryo
-protects against predation
-eliminates need for wet environment
-enables colonization of dry environments through germination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resume growth and dormancy with light and water |
|
|
Term
| What is the evolutionary history of plants? |
|
Definition
-bryophytes
-seedless tracheophytes
-gymnosperms
-angiosperms |
|
|
