Term
| Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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Definition
| This process generates ATP using electron transfer reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| This electron transport chain structure has the same function in the mitochondrial membrane and thylakoid membrane. |
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Term
Plants produce their macromolecules during the ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In plants, nucleic acids are produced from _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In plants, sugars are produced from ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| In plants, lipids are produced from _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When electrons flow along the Electron Transport Chain of mitochondria, what change occurs? |
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Definition
| The proton gradient created produces an acidic environment in the inner mitochondrial space. |
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Term
| At which stages of the cell cycle would liver cells have the same amount of DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| For each glucose molecule that enters Aerobic Cellular Respiration, how many ATP, NADH and FADH2 are produced in the Krebs Cycle and how many total ATPs will they generate? |
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Definition
2 ATP 6 NADH 2 FADH2 total of 24 ATP |
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Term
| These are electron and proton carriers. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a cell has enough ATP, this enzyme will not be made until the cell needs ATP. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells switch to Anaerobic Cellular Respiration from Aerobic Cellular Respiration under this condition. |
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Definition
| When Electron Acceptors are not available. |
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Term
This is a special membrane protein located in the inner thylakoid membrane that produces a "burst" of energy and is needed for the reaction ________. |
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Definition
ATP synthase ADP + Pi ---> ATP |
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Term
| During oogenesis, a _____ is released from the ovary. |
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Definition
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Term
| If fertilization does not occur to the secondary oocyte will meisos II be completed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each NADH produced during glycolysis is only worth2ATP's because why? |
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Definition
| Each NADH loses energy as it crosses the mitochondrial membrane and is only worth 2 ATPs. |
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Term
| This reaction takes place during photosystem II. |
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Definition
| H20 ---> 2H+ + 1/2Oxygen + 2 Electrons |
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Term
Non-cyclic electron transport in plants produces
_____ + ______ and _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cyclic Electron Transport in plants produce only __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Functionally, the mitochondrial membrane is to mitochodria as the _____________ are to __________________. |
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Definition
thylakoid membranes are to chloroplasts ETC happen both in the mitochondrial membrane and thylakoid membranes. |
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Term
At what stage during mitotic cell cycle does a cell have twice the amount of DNA than a cell at cytokinesis? |
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Definition
| At the end of S phase portion of Interphase. DNA replication occurs here. |
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Term
| At the end of spermatogenesis, a total of ______________________ containing _________________ the number of chromosomes are produced. |
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Definition
| 4 Spermatids containing 1/2 chromosomes. |
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Term
Nondisjunction occurs during ____________ or _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| This molecule has the most free energy (ATP) per molecule. |
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Definition
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Term
This process produces ATP during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. |
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Definition
| Substrate Level Phosphorylation |
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Term
Interphase of the cell cycle occurs both in Mitosis and Meiosis.
True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
| ATP drives cellular work by _______. |
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Definition
| Breaking ATP and changing to ADP and phosphate. |
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Term
| Why do sex cells go through meiosis? |
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Definition
| To ensure chromosome reduction (to haploid) and genetic variation (crossing over). |
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Term
| Most of the ATP produced in Cellular Respiration comes from which process? |
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Definition
Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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Term
| The process of photosynthesis requires _________ and ___________ to produce ___________ and ___________. |
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Definition
Carbon dioxide and Water Sugars and Oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| When lactic acid is removed from muscle cells and sent to the liver and is made into glucose (gluconeogensis). |
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Term
| When lacking oxygen, muscles produce _________ instead of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the two methods used to test for nondisjunction. |
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Definition
Amniocentesis Chroionic Villus |
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Term
| The liver will produce glucose from amino acids via the process called ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Glycolysis occurs in this location of the cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| In plants the ________ is for gas exchange. |
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Definition
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Term
| During fetal development in females ___________ occurs during ____________ of meiosis I and the process does not stop until _________. |
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Definition
Crossing Over Prophase I Puberty |
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Term
What reaction takes place at the end of
photosystem I? |
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Definition
| NADP+ + 2 electrons + H+ ---> NADPH + H+ |
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Term
Which event is found in mitochondria but not thylakoids (plants)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the final
electron acceptor in photosystem I? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is happening during metaphase II? |
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Definition
| Alignment of sister chromatids and marking of the metaphase plate at the cell equator. |
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Term
| What reaction happens during the Calvin cycle? |
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Definition
Ribulose Biphosphate
(RuBP) + CO2
----requires enzyme RUBISCO-----> 3-phosphoglycerate |
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Term
The energy released from the electrons passing down the Electron Transport Chain of animal cells is used for _________. |
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Definition
| Pumping hydrogen from the mitochondrial space, across the mitochondrial membrane and into the inner membrane space. |
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