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Definition
| a distinctive pair of chromosomes that are different in males and females |
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Definition
| a gene found on the X chromosome but not on the Y |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to genes that are found on one sex chromosome but not on the other |
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Definition
| the term used to describe the single copy of an X-linked gene in a male |
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Term
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Definition
| the inheritance patterns of genes that segregate and assort independently |
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Definition
| the pattern displayed by pairs of dominant and recessive alleles located on X chromosomes |
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Definition
| one or more prevalent allels in a population |
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Definition
| an allele that has been altered by mutation |
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which a mutation in a single gene can have multiple effects on an individuals phenotype |
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which a heterozygote that carries two different alleles exhibits a phenotype that is intermediate between the corresponding homozyogous individuals |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the occurence of a gene that exists as three or more allels in a population |
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which a single individual expresses two alleles |
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Term
| sex-influenced inheritance |
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which an allel is dominant in one sex but recessive in the other |
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Term
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Definition
| a description of how a trait may change depending on environmental conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| the chance that event will have a particular outcome |
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Term
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Definition
| the deviation between the observed and expected outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the probability that two or more independent events will occur is equal to the product of their individual probablities |
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Term
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Definition
| the probability that one of two or more mutually exclusive outcomes will occur is the sum of the probabilities of the possible outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| a situtation in which a single trait is controlled by two or more genes |
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Term
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Definition
| a gene interaction in which the alleles of one gene mask the expression of the alleles of another gene |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait with clearly defined phenotypic variants |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait that shows continuous variation over a range of phenotypes |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait in which several or many genes contribute to the outcome of the trait |
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Definition
| the phenomenon that two genes close together on the same chromosome are transmitted as a unit |
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Definition
| a group of genes that usually stay together during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| a cross to determine if an individual with a dominant phenotype is a homozygote or a heterozygote. Also, a cross to determine if two genes are linked |
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Term
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Definition
| an offspring whose combination of traits has not changed from the parental generation |
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Term
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Definition
| an offspring that has a different combination of traits from the parental generation |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of genetic crosses to determine the lienar order of gnees that are linked to each other along the same chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a chart that shows the linear arrangement of genes along a chromosome |
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Definition
| the frequency of crossing over between two genes |
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Term
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Definition
| the distance between genes along chromosomes, which is calculated as the number of recombinant offspring times 100 |
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Term
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Definition
| a unit of distance on a chromosome equivalent to a 1% recombination frequency |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon in which one X chromosome in the somatic cells of female mammals is inactivated, meaning that its genes are not expressed |
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Definition
| a highly condensed X chromosome present in female mammals |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual with somatic cells that are genetically different from each other |
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon that gene dosage is compensated between males and females. In mammals, the inactivation of one X chromosome in the female reduces the number of expressed copies (doses) of X-linked genes from two to one |
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Term
| X inactivation center (Xic) |
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Definition
| a short region on the X chromsome known to play a critical role in X inactivation |
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