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biology chapter 10
vacabulary
15
Biology
9th Grade
10/04/2009

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Term
cell division
Definition
process by which a cell divides into 2 new daughter cells
Term
mitosis
Definition
part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
Term
cytokinesis
Definition
division of the cytoplasm during cell division
Term
chromatid
Definition
one of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome
Term
centromere
Definition
area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
Term
interphase
Definition
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
Term
cell cycle
Definition
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Term
prophase
Definition
first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
Term
centriole
Definition
one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
Term
spindle
Definition
fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
Term
metaphase
Definition
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Term
anaphase
Definition
the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
Term
telophase
Definition
fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
Term
cyclin
Definition
one of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
Term
cancer
Definition
disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth
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