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Biology AP
Ch. 46 Animal Reproduction
21
Biology
12th Grade
11/18/2007

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Term
Gametogensis
Definition
The process by which gametes are produced in the mammalian body
Term
Oogenesis
Definition
The process in the ovary that results in the production of female gametes
Term
Spermatogenesis
Definition
The continuous and prolific production of mature sperm cells in the testis
Term
Menstrual Cycle
Definition
A type of reproductive cycle in higher female primates, in which the non pregnant endometrium is shed as a bloody discharge through the cervix into the vagina
Term
Estrous Cycle
Definition
A type of reproductive cycle in all female mammals except higher primates, in which the nonpregnant endometrium is reabsorbed rather than shed, and sexual response occurs only during mid-cycle at estrus
Term
Menstruation
Definition
The shedding of portions of the endometrium during a uterine (menstrual) cycle
Term
Estrus
Definition
A period of sexual activity associated with ovulation
Term
Uterine Cycle
Definition
The changes that occur in the uterus during the reproductive cycle of the human female
Term
Ovarian Cycle
Definition
The cyclic recurrence of the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase in the mammalian ovary, regulated by hormones
Term
Oogonia
Definition
Ovary-specific stem cells
Term
Primary Oocytes
Definition
A diploid cell, in prophase I of meiosis, that can be hormonally triggered to develop into an ovum
Term
Secondary Oocyte
Definition
A haploid cell resulting from meiosis I in oogenesis, which will become an ovum after meiosis II
Term
Spermatogonia
Definition
Stem cells that give rise to sperm
Term
Acrosome
Definition
A vesicle at the tip of a sperm cell that helps the sperm penetrate the egg
Term
Follicular Phase
Definition
That part of the ovarian cycle during which follicles are growing and oocytes maturing
Term
Ovulation
Definition
The release of an egg from ovaries. In humans, an ovarian follicle releases an egg during each utrine (menstrual cycle)
Term
Luteal Phase
Definition
That portion of the ovarian cycle during which endocrine cells of the corpus luteum secrete female hormones
Term
Proliferative Phase
Definition
That portion of the uterine (menstrual) cycle when the endometrium regenerates and thickens
Term
Secretory Phase
Definition
That portion of the menstrual cycle when the endometrium continues to thicken, becomes more vascularized, and develops glands that secrete a fluid rich in glycogen
Term
Menstrual Flow Phase
Definition
That portion of the unterine (menstrual) cycle when menstrual bleeding occurs
Term
Menopause
Definition
The cessation of ovulation and menstruation
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