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Biology 212 Exam 1
Protists
48
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/03/2009

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Term
Aristotle's thoughts
Definition
World i perfect (perfectly created) and static (doesn't change)
Term
Linnaeus
Definition
classified nature in order to glorify God's creativity. Came up with binomial system and heirarchical scheme.
Term
Naturalism
Definition
only the natural world wiht natural laws; rejects any supernatural explanation
Term
Cuvier
Definition
fossil record
Term
Larmarck
Definition
Use and disuse; traits acquired via inheritance
Term
Hutton/gradualism
Definition
geological processes occur slowly and constantly
Term
Uniformitarianism
Definition
processes occur at all times and periods in earth's history
Term
catastrophism
Definition
rapid change; species perish
Term
Charles Darwin
Definition
studied in the galapagos Islands. Observed like climates exhibit like species.
Term
Alfred Wallace
Definition
Australian who discovered came up with the theory of natural selection, but was beaten to the press by Darwin
Term
1859
Definition
"origin of species"
Term
evolution
Definition
descent with modification. "survival of the fittest"
Term
Mathus
Definition
growth eponential until maximum density is reached
Term
variation in a population
Definition
gives advantage to some species relative to environment
Term
natural selection
Definition
favors those who posses traits that result in greater reproductive success (fitness)
Term
diplomonads and parabasalids
Definition
have modified mitochondria
Term
diplomonida
Definition
2 equal sized nuclei and multiple flagella
Term
Giarida Intestinalis
Definition
"hikers' Diarrhea" from fecally contaminated stream or river and lives in the intestines
Term
Parabasilids
Definition
reduced mitochondria, aerobic, flagellated, sumbionts and parasites in animals, possess "parabasal body and filaments"
Term
Trichomonas vaginalis
Definition
parabasalid transmitted sexually. infects approximately 5 million people a year. Occurs without symptoms in males, but causes infection in the female
Term
Euglenozoa
Definition
possess a spiral or cristalline rod with unknown function inside the flagella
Term
Kinetoplastids
Definition
Euglenazoa with large mitochondria and kinetoplast
Term
kinetoplast
Definition
ring of DNA
Term
Trypanisoma gambiense
Definition
African sleeping sickness; fatal if not treated. transmitted by the Tsetse fly. (Euglenazoa)
Term
Euglenids
Definition
possess 2 flagella from end pocket, pellicle, paramlon granule, most autotrophic, but some heterotrophic. (mixotrophs-in sunlight hetertrophic)
Term
Aveolata
Definition
have membrane bound sacs under plasma membrane with unknown function
Term
dinoflagellata
Definition
possess 2 flagella, blooms called "Red tide" but do not always possess red color
Term
Apicomplexa
Definition
have apical complex used for penetrating tissues. most are parasites; spread via sporozoites
Term
Plasmodium
Definition
causes malaria (top 5 disease causer worldwide) Apicomplexan. Lives in both mosquitos and humans.
Term
plasmodium life cycle
Definition
zygote-->oocyst-->sporozoites-->merozoite-->gametocyte
Term
ciliates
Definition
locomotion and feeding via cilia, macronucleus, micronuclei, bladder-like contractile vacuoles, food vacuoles, cutosome, cytoproct,
Term
Paramecium sp.
Definition
example of ciliate
Term
Vorticella sp. and Stentor sp.
Definition
examples of ciliates
Term
Stramenopila
Definition
marine algae; possess flagellum with numerous fine hairlike projections
Term
oomycota
Definition
water molds, cell walls, cellulose, hyphae, white rusts, downy mildews,
Term
diatoms
Definition
unicellular algae with glasslike(silica) wall, major component of phytoplankton,
Term
golden algae
Definition
photosynthetic, bi-flagellates, yellow carotenoids
Term
Brown algae
Definition
largest forms, seaweed/kelp forests, thallus with holdfast, stipe, and blade
Term
Cercozoa
Definition
amoeba-like , possess pseudopodia,
Term
Foraminifera
Definition
porous shells (tests), pseudopodia extend from pores and help in swimming, test formation and feeding. Found in freshwater and oceans, often attach to rocks or algae. Many photosynthetic bia symbiotic alga. fossilize will, dover cliffs in Ienglad
Term
Radiolarians
Definition
similar to cercozoa, but with fused tests made of cilica, heterotrophic axopodia with microtubules
Term
Amoebazoa
Definition
love or tube-shape. inclueds slime molds, gymnamoebas, and entamoebas
Term
Gymnoamoeba
Definition
unicellular, soil, freshwater, marine, free-living,
Term
entamoeba
Definition
parasitic, can form cysts (dormant form), cause of amoebic dysentery, (E. Histolytica) (cyst-soil/water, trophozoite-intestine)
Term
plasmodial slimes
Definition
feeding stage is synyctial slug, consumes mircoorganisms, reproductive structure is a stalked sporangium
Term
cellular slimes
Definition
feed as solitary cells; aggregate to form fruiting bodies for reproduction, do not form syncytium at any time
Term
Red algae
Definition
abundant in warm tropical waters; contain phycoerythrin, an accessory pigment; grow as multicellular kelps; live in shallower waters;redder as water gets deeper;
Term
green algae
Definition
chlorophyta, similar to green plants (contain same chlorophylls); unicellular, colonial, or multicellular
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