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Biology 205
Test 2 REVIEW
11
Biology
Undergraduate 2
05/28/2009

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Term
Relative volumes of major membranous organelles
Definition
Cytosol, Mitochondria, ER, Nucleus are the most
Term
Organelles import proteins by 3 mechanisms...
Definition
Nucleus:nuclear pores
Cytoplasm - Organelles: Protein translocators
ER - organelles: vesicles
Term
What targets proteins to their destinations?
Definition
Signal sequences
Term
Signal sequences are necessary...
Definition
...and sufficient for protein targeting.
Term
SNAREs
Definition
v-SNARE: vesicle SNARE
t-SNARE: target SNARE
*about 20 different types of SNAREs in animals, each associated with particular organelle.
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
Constitutive: default pathway, secret material for the extracellular matrix.
Regulated: occurs in response to signal by cells specialized for secretion (insulin).
Term
Endocytosis
Definition
Phagocytosis: large molecules, via vesicles called phagosomes.
Pinocytosis: "cellular drinking" via small vesicles.
Term
Cell Signaling
Definition
Endocrine, Contact, Paracrine, Neuronal
Term
Incompetent
Definition
not having a receptor for a specific signal
Term
2 classes of extracellular signaling molecules
Definition
1. Molecules that are to large or hydrophilic to cross plasma membrane
2. Molecules that are small enough or hydrophobic so they cross the plasma membrane.
Term
3 classes of cell surface receptors
Definition
ion channel linked receptor, Gprotein linked receptors, Enzyme linked receptors.
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