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Biology 1A Midterm #2
Flash Cards for Bio 1A
98
Biology
07/21/2008
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Term
Chromosome Theory Of Inheritance
 Definition
Theory that states genes are located on chromosomes and that chromosomes segregate and assort independently during meiosis.
Term
Wild Type
 Definition
"Standard" trait (normal trait)
Term
Mutant Phenotype
 Definition
abnormal trait
Term
Sex-linked genes
 Definition
Genes located on a sex chromosome.
In humans, these are X and Y chromosomes
Term
Linked genes
 Definition
Genes that are located on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together. They don't assort independently and the Dihybrid cross does not produce a 9:3:3:1 ratio in F2.
Term
Genetic Recombination
 Definition
When two genes that are linked "crossover" during prophase of meiosis
Term
Parental type
 Definition
The genotype of the offspring that matches the parents' genotype due to linked genes.
Term
Recombinants
 Definition
The offspring that does not match the parental genotype due to crossing over
Term
Linkage Map
 Definition
The genetic map describing where linked genes are located relative to one another
Term
Complementation
 Definition
Term
Double Helix
 Definition
Term
Semi-conservative model
 Definition
Term
Origins of replication
 Definition
Term
Replication Fork
 Definition
Term
DNA polymerase
 Definition
Term
Leading Strand
 Definition
Term
Lagging Strand
 Definition
Term
DNA ligase
 Definition
Term
Primer
 Definition
Term
Transcription
 Definition
Term
mRNA
 Definition
Term
Translation
 Definition
Term
Primary transcript
 Definition
Term
Triplet Code
 Definition
Term
Template Strand
 Definition
Term
Codon
 Definition
Term
Reading Frame
 Definition
Term
RNA polymerase
 Definition
Term
Transcription factors
 Definition
Term
TATA box
 Definition
Term
5' cap
 Definition
Term
poly-A tail
 Definition
Term
intron
 Definition
Term
exon
 Definition
Term
spliceosome
 Definition
Term
transfer RNA
 Definition
Term
anticodon
 Definition
Term
wobble
 Definition
Term
aminoacyl-tRNA
 Definition
Term
synthetases
 Definition
Term
rRNA
 Definition
Term
P site
 Definition
Term
A site
 Definition
Term
reading frame
 Definition
Term
peptidyl transferase
 Definition
Term
signal peptide
 Definition
Term
SRP
 Definition
Term
polyribosome
 Definition
Term
point mutation
 Definition
Term
sense mutation
 Definition
Term
nonsense mutation
 Definition
Term
missense mutations
 Definition
Term
frameshift mutations
 Definition
Term
insertion
 Definition
Term
deletion
 Definition
Term
capsid
 Definition
Term
negative-strand virus
 Definition
Term
positive strand virus
 Definition
Term
replicase
 Definition
Term
Bacteriophage
 Definition
Term
Host
 Definition
Term
Lytic Cycle
 Definition
Term
Virulent Virus
 Definition
Term
Lysogenic cycle
 Definition
Term
Temperate virus
 Definition
Term
prophage
 Definition
Term
Retrovirus
 Definition
Term
Reverse transcriptase
 Definition
Term
Virion
 Definition
Term
Restriction enzymes
 Definition
Term
Sticky ends
 Definition
Term
palindromic sequence
 Definition
Term
Methylase
 Definition
Term
binary fission
 Definition
Term
Transformation
 Definition
Term
Transduction
 Definition
Term
Conjugation
 Definition
Term
sex pilus
 Definition
Term
Rolling circular replication
 Definition
Term
F plasmid
 Definition
Term
Hrf cell
 Definition
Term
R plasmid
 Definition
Term
Operon
 Definition
Term
Promoter

 Definition
Term
Operator
 Definition
Term
Repressor
 Definition
Term
B-galactosidase
 Definition
Term
Regulatory gene
 Definition
Term
Corepressor
 Definition
Term
Inducer
 Definition
Term
Cyclic AMP
 Definition
Term
Catabolite activator protein
 Definition
Term
inducible operon
 Definition
Term
Repressible operon
 Definition
Term
Regulatory gene
 Definition
Term
Lac-operon
 Definition
Term
Tryptophan operon
 Definition
Term
 Definition