Term
| What were the independent variables of the fermentation lab? |
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Definition
| Type of sugar and yeast concentration |
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Term
| The amount of CO2 produced was equal to the amount of _________. |
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Definition
| Displacement in the pipette. |
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Term
| What was the dependent variable? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name two controls that were used in the fermentation experiment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name briefly two possible reasons why one sugar can be better utilized in fermentation by yeast than another type of sugar. |
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Definition
| Structure (disaccharide? monosaccharide?) and uptake |
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Term
| Cross AaBbCc x AaBbCc. What is the probability of producing AABBCC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of using the Chi Squared Test when analyzing data from a genetic cross? |
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Definition
| Used to see if there was a significant difference between the observed and the expected. "Goodness of fit" |
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Term
| What does the null hypothesis state in the Chi Squared test? |
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Definition
| There is no significant difference between the observed and the expected. |
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Term
| In the Chi Squared test, when the significant is a=0.5 and p=0.04, what would you do with the null hypothesis? |
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Definition
0.5 > 0.04
It would be rejected. |
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Term
| How many chromosomes are there in a human cell in anaphase II? |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA fragments are separated using DNA electrophoresis by what property of DNA molecules? |
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Definition
| Size of the fragment (number of base pairs). The bigger/heavier the fragment, the slower it will move, causing it to stay closer to the wells. |
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Term
| Name the enzyme that is used to reestablish covalent bonds between DNA fragments (e.g. those that have been generated by restriction endonucleases)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of restriction enzymes? |
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Definition
| Cut DNA at specific sites |
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Term
| After bacterial transformation, we grow bacteria in presence of an antibiotic. Why? |
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Definition
| To find bacteria that contain the plasmid. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of using a standard curve based on DNA fragments of known sizes? |
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Definition
| To determine fragment sizes of unknown DNA fragments. |
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Term
| How would pH change at the positive electrode during electrophoresis if we did not use pH buffer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What gives PCR reactions specificity for the target area to be amplified? |
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Definition
| Primers make PCR specific |
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Term
| What are the 3 phases of a PCR reaction? |
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Definition
| Denaturing, annealing, extension |
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Term
| Why do you have to lower the temperature in the second step of PCRs? |
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Definition
| A lower temperature allows the primer to attached through hydrogen bond formation |
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Term
| In genetic (DNA) finger printing, regions of genomes are compared which contain tandem sequence repeats. These regions are called ________ sequences. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Hardy Weinberg theorem states that__________. |
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Definition
| If conditions are met, allele frequencies will not change over generations. |
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Term
| In Hardy Weinberg populations, the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals is 0.09. What is the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in the same population? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A change in allele frequency by chance |
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Term
| In the mosquito population (in the video), what was the selective pressure that drove the evolution of resistant insects? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe two types of isolating mechanisms you saw in the video. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does a Nautilus have worse eyes than sea snails? |
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Definition
| A nautilus only has a pinhole, while a sea snail has a pinhole and a glob of jelly that acts as a lense |
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Term
| Segregation of allele A from a occurs in which part of meiosis |
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Definition
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