Term
| Name the four basic tissue types. |
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Definition
| The four tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural. |
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Term
| Describe Epithelial Tissue. |
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Definition
covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and forms glands. (book definition)
epithelial tissue - covers surfaces, forms glands, forms sensory structures (class notes)
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Term
| Describe Connective Tissue. |
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Definition
fills internal spaces, provides structural support for other tissue, transports materials within the body, and stores energy reserves. (book definition)
connective tissue - binds structures together and provides support and protection (class notes) |
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Term
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Definition
specialized for contraction and includes the skeletal muscles of the body, the muscle of the heart, and the muscular walls of hollow organs. (book definition)
muscle tissue - responsible for movement (external or internal movement) (class notes) |
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Term
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Definition
carries information from one part of the body to another in the form of electrical impulses. (book definition)
nervous tissue - generates and transmits electrical signals responsible for coordinating body activities (class notes) |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue is a group of similar cells and the intercellular substance that work together for a specific function. |
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Term
| Tissue is composed of what three elements? |
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Definition
Tissue is composed of three elements:
1. cells
2. fibers - collagen, elastic, reticular fibers
3. matrix - intercellular material |
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Term
| _____________ is composed of closely packed cells with little or no matrix. |
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Definition
Epithelial Tissue is composed of closely packed cells with little or no matrix.
[image] |
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Term
| Epithelial Cell shape can vary from ________________ |
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Definition
Epithelial Cell shape can vary from:
squamous (flat cell)
cuboidal (cube shaped)
columnar (tall and narrow)
transitional (changes shape) |
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Term
Epithelial Cell arrangement can vary:
1. if a single layer of cells - "__________________"
2. if multiple layers of cells - "_________________" |
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Definition
Epithelial Cell arrangement can vary:
1. if a single layer of cells - "simple epithelium"
2. if multiple layers of cells - "stratified epithelium" |
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Term
Epithelium is avascular?
Yes/No?
Define avascular. |
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Definition
| Epithelium has no blood cells, therefore, it is avascular. |
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Term
| Epithelial Tissue is attached to underlying tissue by a "____________________" composed of _________________ and other molecules secreated by epithelial cells |
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Definition
| Epithelial Tissue is attached to underlying tissue by a "basement membrane" composed of mucopolysaccharides and other molecules secreted by epithelial cells. |
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Term
| Describe two categories of epithelium. |
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Definition
1. covering and lining epithelium
a. covers the outside of the body
b. covers the outside of the organs
c. covers body cavities
d. lines hollow organs (stomach)
e. forms sensory structures
(Above is what was covered in LAB 1)
2. gladular epithelium
a. forms the secreting of glands - produce and secrete a product
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Term
| Describe two categories of glandular epithelium. |
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Definition
1. exocrine glands
a. secrete their product into a duct (tube)
that empties the product on the epithelial surface
1. outer surface of the body
2. lining of a hollow organ (stomach)
b. wide variety of substances produced:
1. digestive enzymes
2. saliva
3. perspiration
4. milk
5. etc
endocrine glands
a. do not secrete into a duct (tube)
b. endocrine glads secrete product into the adjacent interstitial spaces or directly into bloodstream
c. always produce hormones
1. molecules that alter activities of other cells
d. thyroid gland, anterior pituitary, adrenal glands, etc.
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Term
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Definition
consist of a single cell that produces a product and secrete it onto epithelial surface
a. example - goblet cells - produce and secrete mucous
b. parietal cells - produce acid
c. chief cells - produce an inactive enzyme
d. etc.
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Term
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Definition
many cells producing the same product that are passed by a common duct onto the epithelial surface
a. several forms based on shape. p.120
1. tubular gland - secreting portion of the gland is long and narrow (tube like)
2. acinar gland - secreting portion of the gland is narrow at the top and broad at the bottom. (flask-like) (acinar = alvealar)
3. tubuleacinar gland - secreting protion of gland is both tube-link and flask-like
4. simple gland vs compound gland
a.does not branch a.secreting portion does branch |
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Term
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Definition
Exocrine Gland
a. product accumulates in the cytoplasm
b. eventually the accumulated product
kills the cell (toxic)
c. secretion is formed by the entire dead cell and
its accumulated product being released
d. secreted cell must be replaced by "mitosis"
e. ex - sebaceuos glands (body oils) |
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Term
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Definition
Exocrine Gland
a. product accumulates in the cytoplasm adjacent to the plasma membrane
b. secretion is formed when the plasma membrane pinches off small portions
of cytoplasm containing the product
c. ex - mammary glands |
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Term
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Definition
Exocrine Gland
1. produce and secrete a product without damaging the cell
2. secretion cotains no part of the producing cell
3. ex - salivary glands |
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Term
| In connective tissue, what do you call widely scattered cells? |
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Definition
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue:
there is a large amount of ______ - consistency of ______ varies from liquid (blood) to solid (bone) |
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Definition
there is a large amount of matrix - consistency of matrix varies from liquid (blood) to solid (bone) |
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue
Designation for varying numbers and arrangements of fibers:
What if there are few fibers? |
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Definition
| loose connective tissue has few fibers |
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue
Designation for varying numbers and arrangements of fibers:
if there are lots of fibers... |
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Definition
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue
Designation for varying numbers and arrangements of fibers:
if the fibers are arranged in many directions... |
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Definition
| irregular connective tissue |
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue
Designation for varying numbers and arrangements of fibers:
if the fibers are arranged in one direction... |
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Definition
| regular connective tissue |
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Term
General characteristics of connective tissue
most connective tissue has... |
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Definition
| a rich blood supply - HIGHLY vascular (except cartilage) |
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Term
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Definition
| protein structure found in granules in the stratum granulosum of the epidermis, which may be involved in keratinization |
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Term
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Definition
| A semifluid, acidophilic substance related to keratin and present in the stratum lucidum of the epidermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the general integumentary surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| the yellow brown pigment produced by the melanocytes of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
forms the longitudinal axis of the body
axial skeleton contains 80 bones (40% of the body) |
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Term
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Definition
| is composed of 126 bones in the human body. The word appendicular is the adjective of the noun appendage, which itself means a part that is joined to something larger. Functionally it is involved in locomotion (Lower limbs) of the axial skeleton and manipulation of objects in the environment (Upper limbs). |
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Term
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Definition
| a specialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin; responsible for the production of melanin |
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Term
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Definition
| a yellow-orange pigment, found in carrots and in green and orange leafy vegetables, that the body can convert to vitamin A. |
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Term
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Definition
Blood-forming tissue, consisting of reticular fibers and cells.
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/hematopoietic-tissue#ixzz1ntHBgbR0 |
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Term
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Definition
| a cell that produces the fibers and matrix of bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cell that dissolves the fibers and matrix of bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone cell responsible for the maintenance and turnover of the minteral content of the surrounding bone. |
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Term
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Definition
Epithelium attatched to underlying tissue by a basement
membrane composed of mucopolysacharides and other molecules secreted by epithelial
cells |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the secreting portion of glands and produce and secrete a product. |
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Term
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Definition
secrete their product into a duct(tube)that empties the product on
the epithelial surface (outer surface of body and lining of organs). Wide variety of
produced substances: digestive enzymes, saliva, perspiration, milk, ect. |
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Term
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Definition
do not secrete into a duct. It secretes into the adjacent interstitial
spaces or directly into a bloodstream. It always produces hormones (molecules that alter
the activities of other cells). |
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Term
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Definition
found lining synovial joints b/w bone; composed of loose
connective tissue containing varying amounts of elastic and adipose tissue; produces
synovial fluid that lubricates the moving bone |
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Term
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Definition
| consist of a single cell that produces and secretes it onto epithelial |
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Term
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Definition
consist of many cells producing the same product that are passed
by a common duct epithelial surface |
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Term
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Definition
| secreting portion of the gland; is long and narrow(tube-like) |
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Term
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Definition
secreting portion of the gland is narrow at the top and broad at the bottom
(flasklike) |
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Term
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Definition
| secreting portion of the gland is both tube like and flask like |
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Term
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Definition
secreting portion does not branch VS compound gland secreting portion
does branch compound tobuloacinar gland |
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Term
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Definition
(1 of 3 types of epithelium membrane) found lining body cavities
(spaces) that open to the exterior; epithelium portion always produces mucus that
coats the epithelium; varies in shape from squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional;
arrangement from simple to stratified |
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Term
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Definition
product accumulates in the cytoplasm; the accumulated product
kills the cell; secretion is formed by entire dead cell its accumulated product is released
(secreted cell must be replaced by mitosis) ex) body oils |
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Term
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Definition
product accumulation the cytoplasm adjacent to the plasma membrane;
secretion happens when the plasma membrane pinches off small portions of the
cytoplasm containing the product (mammary gland) |
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Term
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Definition
produce and secrete a product w/o damaging the cell; secretion
contains no part of the producing cell (salivary glands) |
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Term
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Definition
(1 of 3 epithelium membrane) found lining body cavities that do
not open to the outside (ventral body cavity and it subdivisions) very thin; ; composed of
mesothelium: a simple squamous epithelium; produces serous fluid; like lubricant |
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