Term
Kingdom Plantae
characteristics |
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Definition
Multicellular Eukaryote
Terrestrial
Autotrophs |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
photosynthetic pigments |
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Definition
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B
Xanthophylls
Color - Anthocyanins
Perceive time - Phytochrome |
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Term
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Definition
Cell wall made of cellulose
Cuticle - waxy coating on leaf/stem epidermal cells. Protects against desiccation.
Stomata - gas exchange
Apical Meristems - add cells at root and tips
Food storage - starch in plastids |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
sexual anatomy |
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Definition
Gametangia - protects sterile cells
Within Female gametangium it protects zygote and embryo |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
Secondary Compounds |
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Definition
Alkaloids: morphine, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine
Terpenes: Menthol, Carotenoids, Lycopene
Phenolics: Anthocyanin, Lignin, Tannin, Salicylic Acid |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
reproduction |
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Definition
Diploid and Haploid phase
Haploid - gametophyte
Diploid - sporophyte |
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Term
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Definition
Bryophyta (non-vascular)
Pteridophyta (vascular/seedless)
Gymnosperms (naked seeds)
Angiosperms (flowering) |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
Charophytes |
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Definition
Plants believed to have evolved from Chara-like green algae
Homologies between Charophytes and Plants:
Chloroplast DNA
Same amount of cellulose in cell walls
Rose-shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis
Peroxisomes enzymes are similar
Gene/rRNA similarities |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
Angiosperms |
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Definition
Most diverse (250,000+ species)
Mostly Terrestrial
Parasites or Epiphytes (hide under plants)
Small - giant
Produce Flowers, fruits, and seeds
Assexual reproduction (buds) |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
Angiosperms
Stem Modifications |
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Definition
Rhizome - underground horizontal stem
Tuber - underground storage stem
Stolon - Above ground horizontal stem
Bulb - Underground stem with storage leaves |
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Term
Kingdom Plantae
Angiosperms
Leaf Modifications |
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Definition
Tendrils
Spines
Succulent leaves
Bracts (colorful leaves below flower group) |
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