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Biochemistry- Unit One
Genetic Counseling (T Pierce)
18
Medical
Post-Graduate
01/30/2009

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Cards

Term
Information provided in genetic counseling
Definition
  • medical diagnosis and its implications in term of prognosis and possible treatment
  • mode of inheritance of disorder
  • risk of developing and/or transmitting disorder
  • choices/options available for dealing with the risks
Term
Process of genetic counseling
Definition
  1. diagnosis
  2. risk assessment
  3. communication
  4. discuss options
  5. long term contact and support
Term

Process of diagnosis

Definition
  • take history
  • examination
  • undertake appropriate investigations
Term
Problems that common in diagnosis
Definition

genetic heterogeneity

etiologic heterogeneity

Term
Definition of genetic heterogeneity
Definition
  • disorder that can be caused by more than one genetic mechanism
Term
Definition of etiologic heterogeneity
Definition
even though firm diagnosis, several causes are possible (ex: deafness, mental retardation)
Term
Problems in calculating risk
Definition
  • delay age of onset
  • reduce penetrance
  • use of linked markers
Term
How do you present the risk to patient
Definition

quantify

qualify

place in context

Term
Percentage risk of transmitting multifactorial inherited disorder if two people have a child with that disorder, what is the chance the second child will have the disorder?
Definition
1/4
Term
Define non-directive counseling
Definition

used by genetic counselers when you encourage patients to make self directed decisions wihtout any attempt to direct them along any course of action (know counsultand has to live with the consequences)

Term

Example of incest

Definition

mother-father

brother-sister

Term
Percentage of spontaneous abortions that have chromosomal abnormalities
Definition
50%
Term
Define chromosome deletion syndrome
Definition
deletions in terminal portions of chromosomes
Term
Common symptoms/complications of chromosome deletion syndromes
Definition
  • severe mental retardation
  • failure to thrive
Term

examples of chromosome deletion syndromes. Chance of getting?

Definition
  • Wolf Hirshorn (del. 4p)
  • Cri-du-Chat (del. 5p)

1/50,000 births

Term
Cause of retinoblastoma
Definition
del. 13q (14- band 1 subband 4)
Term
Cause of WAGR syndrome
Definition

deletion within chrom. 11p (WT1)

Term
Symptoms/complications of WAGR syndrome
Definition
  • Wilm's tumor (hydronephroma)
  • aniridia (absent iris)
  • genital abnormalities
  • retardation of growth/development
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