Term
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Definition
Glycine (Gly, G)
Aliphatic AA
Simplest AA; only non chiral molecule
Hydrophilic |
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Term
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Definition
Proline (Pro, P)
Aliphatic AA: 2nd least hydrophobic
Very rigid ring structure |
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Term
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Definition
Alanine (Ala, A)
Aliphatic AA 3rd least hydrophobic
R group is a methyl group |
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Term
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Definition
Valine (Val, V)
Aliphatic AA 4th least hydrophobic
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Term
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Definition
Leucine (Leu, L)
Aliphatic AA 5th least hydrobic
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Term
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Definition
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
Aliphatic AA Most hydrophobic
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Term
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Definition
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
Aromatic AA |
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Term
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Definition
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
Aromatic AA
Has ionizable hydroxyl (pka=10.5) which can participate in H-bonding. Less hydrophobic than Phe |
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Term
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Definition
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
Aromatic AA
Bicyclic indole ring, has NH groups for H-bonding |
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Term
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Definition
Methionine (Met, M)
Sulfur Containing AA
Starting AA for almost all proteins. Very hydrophobic |
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Term
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Definition
Cysteine (Cys, C)
Sulfur Containing AA
Contains sulfhydryl group which is very reactive. Can form disulfide crosslinks. Ionizable: oxidize to form disulfide bond at pka 8.3 |
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Term
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Definition
Aspartate (Asp, D)
Acidic AA Hydrophilic
Ionizable at pka 4.1 |
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Term
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Definition
Glutamate (Glu, E)
Acidic AA hydrophilic
Ionizable at pka 4.1 |
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Term
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Definition
Histidine (His, H)
Basic AA
Imidazole ring can be protonated and ionized at pka 6 |
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Term
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Definition
Lysine (Lys, K)
Basic AA
Diamino Acid ionizable at pka 10.8
protonated at pH7 |
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Term
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Definition
Arginine (Arg, R)
Basic AA
Always protonated; Most basic AA |
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Term
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Definition
Serine (Ser, S)
Polar, Uncharged AA
Has hyrdoxyl group |
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Term
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Definition
Threonine (Thr, T)
Polar, uncharged AA
Has 2 chiral centers |
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Term
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Definition
Asparagine (Asn, N)
Polar, uncharged AA |
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Term
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Definition
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
Polar, uncharged AA |
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