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Biochemistry Vocabulary
Second Vocab Test, Biochemistry
20
Biology
12th Grade
12/03/2012

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Term
Alcohol (ethanol) dehydrogenase
Definition
An enzyme that removes hydrogen from ethanol
Term
Amino acid
Definition
A monomer of proteins, contains both an amino group and carboxyl group
Term
Amino group
Definition
A functional group containing one nitrogen and two hydrogen atoms
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
A biochemically important group of compounds containing only C, H, and O
Term
Cellulose
Definition
A polysaccharide that is "cross" bonded and consists of repeating glucose molecules
Term
DNA
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A protein that reduces the activation energy of a chemical reaction
Term
Fatty acid
Definition
A constituent of lipids containing one carboxyl group and a chain of carbon atoms
Term
Isomer
Definition
Two or more compounds that have the same chemical formula but different shapes
Term
Lipid
Definition
A biochemically important group of compounds usually containing glycerol
Term
Metabolism
Definition
A term meaning the sum total of all chemical reactions occurring in the cell
Term
Nucleic acid
Definition
A polymer of nucleotides
Term
Oil
Definition
A triglyceride whose fatty acids have relatively short lengths
Term
Prion
Definition
A mishapen protein which is virtually indestructible and thought to cause TSE's
Term
Protein
Definition
A polymer of amino acids
Term
Reducing sugar
Definition
A sugar capable of acting as a reducing agent, for example glucose
Term
Steroids
Definition
A group of lipids useful for both enter and intra cellular communications (hormones)
Term
Synthesis
Definition
The act of making something
Term
Triglyceride
Definition
A compound consisting of glycerol and three fatty acids
Term
Wax
Definition
A triglyceride whose fatty acids have relatively the longest lenths and highest melting points
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