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Details Title: BIO170 Intro. Zoology Description: Flashcards for Exam 1 Total Flash Cards: 16 Created: 02/07/2007 18:30:20	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Autosomes Definition Chromosomes carrying genes which affect only somatic, or non-sex, traits Term Sex Chromosomes Definition Chromosomes carrying genes which affect sex (but may also carry other genese as well!) Term Sex Linked Traits Definition Traits carried on the sex-determining chromosomes Term Pleiotropy Definition Single pair of alleles controls multiple phenotypic traits Ex. Labrador Retrievers BB=Black Bb=Black bb=Brown CC or Cc= pigmented cc= Chocolate ("non-pigmented") Term Epistasis Definition One pair of allels controls expression of another pair of alleles Term Autosomal Mosaic Definition When 2+ cell lines present in the body; that is, some somatic (non-sex) cells have extra non-sex chromosomes (autosomes) Ex. Animals with two different colored eyes Term Sexual Mosaic Definition Some cells in the body have more sex chromosomes than others. *not the same as non-dysjunction! Term Allopatric Speciation Definition Speciation in which 2+ species are formed from the same ancestral species due to geographical isolation of reproduction -most common form of speciation Term Sympatric Speciation Definition 2+ species formed from same ancestral species within the same geographic area -not due to geographic isolation ex. African Rift Lake Cichlids Term Parapatric Speciation Definition Incomplete speciation event in which partial reproductive isolation occurs -Usually due to partial geographic isolation ex. Ensatina salamanders in CA Term Monohybrid Cross Definition A cross between genes with 1 allele from each parent Term Dihybrid Cross Definition A cross in which each parent contributes 2 different alleles ex. AaBB (one parent) X AABB (second parent) Term Incomplete Dominance Definition Characteristics of both sets of alleles are expressed in heterozygous offspring, resulting in a NEW phenotype. ex. Chickens: BB(black)/B'B'(white) --> BB'(blue) Term Co-Dominance Definition When characteristics of both allelesare expressed in the heterozygous offspring phenotype. ex. Sickle Cell Anemia: HnHn= Normal HnHs= Some normal cells, some sickle HsHs= Severe anemia Term Multiple Alleles Definition When 3+ genes control the same trait. Although several alleles, only 2 are inherited. ex. Human blood type A, B, O, or AB Term Polygenic Inheritance Definition When 2+ PAIRS of alleles control the SAME phenotypic trait ex. Skin color: AaBbCcXAABBCC---> AaBbCc in F1generation